aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan

bMedical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine

cTransplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital

dDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul

eDepartment of Internal Medicine, National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Gyeonggi-do

fDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju

gKidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea

Correspondence to Kook-Hwan Oh, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, 03080 Seoul, Republic of Korea. Tel: +82 2 2072 0776; fax: +82 2 741 4876; e-mail: [email protected]

Abbreviations: ABPM, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESC, European Society of Cardiology; ESH, European Society of Hypertension; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; HR, hazard ratio; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MSM, marginal structural model

Received 9 August, 2023

Revised 7 October, 2023

Accepted 6 November, 2023

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