Ilyas SI, Khan SA, Hallemeier CL, et al. Cholangiocarcinoma - evolving concepts and therapeutic strategies. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15:95–111.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Valle JW. Advances in the treatment of metastatic or unresectable biliary tract cancer. Ann Oncol : Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2010;21(Suppl 7):345–8.

Google Scholar 

Spolverato G, Kim Y, Alexandrescu S, et al. Management and outcomes of patients with recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma following previous curative-intent surgical resection. Ann Surg Oncol. 2016;23:235–43.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hu L-S, Zhang X-F, Weiss M, et al. Recurrence patterns and timing courses following curative-intent resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2019;26:2549–57.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bridgewater J, Lopes A, Wasan H, et al. Prognostic factors for progression-free and overall survival in advanced biliary tract cancer. Ann Oncol : Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2016;27:134–40.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Graham RP, Barr Fritcher EG, Pestova E, et al. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 translocations in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2014;45:1630–8.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ross JS, Wang K, Gay L, et al. New routes to targeted therapy of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas revealed by next-generation sequencing. Oncologist. 2014;19:235–42.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Farshidfar F, Zheng S, Gingras M-C, et al. Integrative genomic analysis of cholangiocarcinoma identifies distinct IDH-mutant molecular profiles. Cell Rep. 2017;18:2780–94.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hoy SM. Pemigatinib: first approval. Drugs. 2020;80:923–9.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Syed YY. Futibatinib: first approval. Drugs. 2022;82:1737–43.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sia D, Losic B, Moeini A, et al. Massive parallel sequencing uncovers actionable FGFR2-PPHLN1 fusion and ARAF mutations in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Nat Commun. 2015;6:6087.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jusakul A, Cutcutache I, Yong CH, et al. Whole-genome and epigenomic landscapes of etiologically distinct subtypes of cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Discov. 2017;7:1116–35.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mody K, Kasi PM, Yang J, et al. Circulating tumor DNA profiling of advanced biliary tract cancers. JCO Precis Oncol. 2019;3:1–9.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lamarca A, Kapacee Z, Breeze M, et al. Molecular profiling in daily clinical practice: practicalities in advanced cholangiocarcinoma and other biliary tract cancers. J Clin Med. 2020;9:2854.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Neumann O, Burn TC, Allgäuer M, et al. Genomic architecture of FGFR2 fusions in cholangiocarcinoma and its implication for molecular testing. Br J Cancer. 2022;127:1540–9.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Silverman IM, Li M, Murugesan K, et al. Validation and characterization of FGFR2 rearrangements in cholangiocarcinoma with comprehensive genomic profiling. J Mol Diagn. 2022;24:351–64.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mosele F, Remon J, Mateo J, et al. Recommendations for the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for patients with metastatic cancers: a report from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group. Ann Oncol: Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2020;31:1491–505.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Milbury CA, Creeden J, Yip W-K, et al. Clinical and analytical validation of FoundationOne®CDx, a comprehensive genomic profiling assay for solid tumors. PLoS One. 2022;17: e0264138.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Maruki Y, Morizane C, Arai Y, et al. Molecular detection and clinicopathological characteristics of advanced/recurrent biliary tract carcinomas harboring the FGFR2 rearrangements: a prospective observational study (PRELUDE study). J Gastroenterol. 2021;56:250–60.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Arai Y, Totoki Y, Hosoda F, et al. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 tyrosine kinase fusions define a unique molecular subtype of cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology. 2014;59:1427–34.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Borad MJ, Champion MD, Egan JB, et al. Integrated genomic characterization reveals novel, therapeutically relevant drug targets in FGFR and EGFR pathways in sporadic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS Genet. 2014;10: e1004135.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Berrout J, Kyriakopoulou E, Moparthi L, et al. TRPA1-FGFR2 binding event is a regulatory oncogenic driver modulated by miRNA-142-3p. Nat Commun. 2017;8:947.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Uson Junior PLS, DeLeon TT, Bogenberger JM, et al. FGFR2-IIIb expression by immunohistochemistry has high specificity in cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 genomic alterations. Dig Dis Sci. 2022;67:3797–805.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zou Y, Zhu K, Pang Y, et al. Molecular detection of FGFR2 rearrangements in resected intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas: FISH could be an ideal method in patients with histological small duct subtype. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2023;11:1355–67.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cao Z, Li J, Sun L, et al. GISTs with NTRK gene fusions: a clinicopathological, immunophenotypic, and molecular study. Cancers (Basel). 2022;15:105.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mehdikhani F, Atashbasteh M, Azadi M, et al. FGFR2 and miR-889–3p expression in oral cancer is associated with cervical lymph node metastasis. Oral Dis. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.14933.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paver EC, Cooper WA, Colebatch AJ, et al. Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) as a predictive marker for immunotherapy in solid tumours: a guide to immunohistochemistry implementation and interpretation. Pathology. 2021;53:141–56.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim NI, Noh M-G, Kim J-H, et al. Frequency and prognostic value of IDH mutations in Korean patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1514.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Abou-Alfa GK, Sahai V, Hollebecque A, et al. Pemigatinib for previously treated, locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 study FIGHT-202. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21:671–84.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Goyal L, Meric-Bernstam F, Hollebecque A, et al. Futibatinib for FGFR2-rearranged Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:228–39.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Furuse J, Jiang B, Kuwahara T, et al. Pivotal single-arm, phase 2 trial of tasurgratinib for patients with fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-2 gene fusion-positive cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). J Clin Oncol. 2024;42:471.

Google Scholar 

Wang J, Li R, Li J, et al. Comprehensive analysis of oncogenic fusions in mismatch repair deficient colorectal carcinomas by sequential DNA and RNA next generation sequencing. J Transl Med. 2021;19:433.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dermawan JK, Rubin BP. The spectrum and significance of secondary (co-occurring) genetic alterations in sarcomas: the hallmarks of sarcomagenesis. J Pathol. 2023;260:637–48.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mosteiro M, Azuara D, Villatoro S, et al. Molecular profiling and feasibility using a comprehensive hybrid capture panel on a consecutive series of non-small-cell lung cancer patients from a single centre. ESMO Open. 2023;8: 102197.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gu W, Yang J, Wang Y, et al. Comprehensive identification of FGFR1-4 alterations in 5 557 Chinese patients with solid tumors by next-generation sequencing. Am J Cancer Res. 2021;11:3893–906.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Neumann O, Lehmann U, Bartels S, et al. First proficiency testing for NGS-based and combined NGS- and FISH-based detection of FGFR2 fusions in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Pathol Clin Res. 2023;9:100–7.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Benayed R, Offin M, Mullaney K, et al. High yield of RNA sequencing for targetable kinase fusions in lung adenocarcinomas with no mitogenic driver alteration detected by DNA sequencing and low tumor mutation burden. Clin Cancer Res: Off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2019;25:4712–22.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Botton T, Talevich E, Mishra VK, et al. Genetic Heterogeneity of BRAF Fusion Kinases in Melanoma Affects Drug Responses. Cell Rep. 2019;29:573.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar