Di Cesare M, Bixby H, Gaziano T, Hadeed L, Kabudula C, McGhie DV, Mwangi J, Pervan B, Perel P, Piñeiro D. World heart report 2023: Confronting the world’s number one killer. World Heart Federation: Geneva, Switzerland 2023.

Libby P, Pasterkamp G, Crea F, Jang I-K. Reassessing the mechanisms of acute coronary syndromes. Circul Res. 2019;124(1):150–60.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Golledge J. Abdominal aortic aneurysm: update on pathogenesis and medical treatments. Nat Reviews Cardiol. 2019;16(4):225–42.

Article  Google Scholar 

Karki R, Kanneganti T-D. Diverging inflammasome signals in tumorigenesis and potential targeting. Nat Rev Cancer. 2019;19(4):197–214.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Olsen MB, Gregersen I, Sandanger Ø, Yang K, Sokolova M, Halvorsen BE, Gullestad L, Broch K, Aukrust P, Louwe MC. Targeting the inflammasome in cardiovascular disease. Basic Translational Sci. 2022;7(1):84–98.

Article  Google Scholar 

Kwak H, Lee E, Karki R. DNA sensors in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic prospects. Immunol Rev. 2025;329(1):e13382.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vlachakis PK, Theofilis P, Kachrimanidis I, Giannakopoulos K, Drakopoulou M, Apostolos A, Kordalis A, Leontsinis I, Tsioufis K, Tousoulis D. The role of inflammasomes in heart failure. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(10):5372.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Xu DW, Tate MD. Taking AIM at influenza: the role of the AIM2 inflammasome. Viruses. 2024;16(10):1535.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Soehnlein O, Tall AR. AIMing 2 treat atherosclerosis. Nat Reviews Cardiol. 2022;19(9):567–8.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shao R, Wang X, Xu T, Xia Y, Cui D. The balance between AIM2-associated inflammation and autophagy: the role of CHMP2A in brain injury after cardiac arrest. J Neuroinflamm. 2021;18(1):257.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Li Q, Jiang B, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Xu Z, Chen X, Cai J, Huang Y, Jian J. CRP involved in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against bacterial infection. Biology. 2022;11(8):1149.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Calabrese LH, Rose-John S. IL-6 biology: implications for clinical targeting in rheumatic disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2014;10(12):720–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kayagaki N, Stowe IB, Lee BL, O’Rourke K, Anderson K, Warming S, Cuellar T, Haley B, Roose-Girma M, Phung QT. Caspase-11 cleaves gasdermin D for non-canonical inflammasome signalling. Nature. 2015;526(7575):666–71.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu Z, Gan L, Xu Y, Luo D, Ren Q, Wu S, Sun C. Melatonin alleviates inflammasome-induced pyroptosis through inhibiting NF‐κB/GSDMD signal in mice adipose tissue. J Pineal Res. 2017;63(1):e12414.

Article  Google Scholar 

Chen L, Zhu M-y, Wang G-x, Lu L-L, Lin L, Lei L, Wu T. Ruxolitinib ameliorated coxsackievirus B3-induced acute viral myocarditis by suppressing the JAK-STAT pathway. Int Immunopharmacol. 2023;124:110797.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ageedi W, Zhang C, Frankel WC, Dawson A, Li Y, Coselli JS, Shen HY, LeMaire SA. AIM2 inflammasome activation contributes to aortic dissection in a sporadic aortic disease mouse model. J Surg Res. 2022;272:105–16.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sano S, Wang Y, Yura Y, Sano M, Oshima K, Yang Y, Katanasaka Y, Min K-D, Matsuura S, Ravid K. JAK2 V617F-mediated clonal hematopoiesis accelerates pathological remodeling in murine heart failure. Basic Translational Sci. 2019;4(6):684–97.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lüsebrink E, Goody PR, Lahrmann C, Flender A, Niepmann ST, Zietzer A, Schulz C, Massberg S, Jansen F, Nickenig G et al. AIM2 stimulation impairs reendothelialization and promotes the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020, 7.

Hakimi M, Peters A, Becker A, Böckler D, Dihlmann S. Inflammation-related induction of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) in vascular cells and atherosclerotic lesions suggests a role in vascular pathogenesis. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59(3):794–803.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Basatemur GL, Jørgensen HF, Clarke MCH, Bennett MR, Mallat Z. Vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis. Nat Reviews Cardiol. 2019;16(12):727–44.

Article  Google Scholar 

Pan J, Lu L, Wang X, Liu D, Tian J, Liu H, Zhang M, Xu F, An F. AIM2 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell migration in atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;497(1):401–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Du L, Wang X, Chen S, Guo X. The AIM2 inflammasome: A novel biomarker and target in cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Res. 2022;186:106533.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pan J, Han L, Guo J, Wang X, Liu D, Tian J, Zhang M, An F. AIM2 accelerates the atherosclerotic plaque progressions in ApoE–/– mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;498(3):487–94.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Libby P. Interleukin-1 beta as a target for atherosclerosis therapy: biological basis of CANTOS and beyond. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(18):2278–89.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Abbate A, Van Tassell BW, Biondi-Zoccai GG. Blocking interleukin-1 as a novel therapeutic strategy for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. BioDrugs. 2012;26:217–33.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dinarello C. Interleukin-18, a Proinflammatory cytokine. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2000;11(3):483–6.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gerdes N, Sukhova GK, Libby P, Reynolds RS, Young JL, Schönbeck U. Expression of Interleukin (IL)-18 and functional IL-18 receptor on human vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages: implications for atherogenesis. J Exp Med. 2002;195(2):245–57.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Badimon L. Interleukin-18: a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine in atherosclerosis: expert’s perspective. In., vol. 96: Oxford University Press; 2012: 172–175.

Sc W. Interleukin-18 enhances atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E (-/-) mice through release of interferon-gamma. Circ Res. 2002;90:E34–8.

Google Scholar 

Mallat Z, Corbaz A, Scoazec A, Graber P, Alouani S, Esposito B, Humbert Y, Chvatchko Y, Tedgui A. Interleukin-18/interleukin-18 binding protein signaling modulates atherosclerotic lesion development and stability. Circul Res. 2001;89(7):e41–5.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Elhage R, Jawien J, Rudling M, Ljunggren H-G, Takeda K, Akira S, Bayard F, Hansson GK. Reduced atherosclerosis in interleukin-18 deficient Apolipoprotein E-knockout mice. Cardiovascular Res. 2003;59(1):234–40.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang J, Sun C, Gerdes N, Liu C, Liao M, Liu J, Shi MA, He A, Zhou Y, Sukhova GK. Interleukin 18 function in atherosclerosis is mediated by the Interleukin 18 receptor and the Na-Cl co-transporter. Nat Med. 2015;21(7):820–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nageh MF, Sandberg ET, Marotti KR, Lin AH, Melchior EP, Bullard DC, Beaudet AL. Deficiency of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules protects against atherosclerosis in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997;17(8):1517–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paulin N, Viola JR, Maas SL, de Jong R, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Weber C, Drechsler M, Döring Y, Soehnlein O. Double-Strand DNA sensing Aim2 inflammasome regulates atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability. Circulation. 2018;138(3):321–3.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cao J, Roth S, Zhang S, Kopczak A, Mami S, Asare Y, Georgakis MK, Messerer D, Horn A, Shemer R, et al. DNA-sensing inflammasomes cause recurrent atherosclerotic stroke. Nature. 2024;633(8029):433–41.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central