*Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea;

†Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea;

‡Department of Cardiology, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea;

§Department of Cardiology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea;

¶Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea;

║Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea;

**Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea; and

††Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.

Correspondence: Gyung-Min Park, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan, Korea, 44033 (e-mail: [email protected]) or Rae Woong Park, MD, PhD, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 16499 (e-mail: [email protected]).

The authors reports no conflicts of interest.

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.jcvp.org).

This study analyzed within research border-free zone for multi-institution distribution of big data research in Korea. The researchers in institutions affiliated with the research border-free zone can access the OMOP-CDM transformed databases used in this study by the Federated E-health Big Data for Evidence Renovation Network in Korea (FEEDER-NET), a biohealth big data platform supported by the Korean National Project (https://feedernet.com) for collaborating OHDSI networks.

S. Park and J. Chang have equally contributed to this study.