The, W., Report on cardiovascular health and diseases in China 2022: an updated summary, Biomed. Environ. Sci., 2023, vol. 36, no. 8, p. 669—701. https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2023.106

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Amarenco, P., Lavallée, P.C., Labreuche, J., et al., Prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction, Stroke, 2011, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 22—29. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.110.584086

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jin, L., Zhou, J., Shi, W., et al., Effects of six types of aspirin combination medications for treatment of acute cerebral infarction in China: a network meta-analysis, J. Clin. Pharm. Ther., 2019, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 91—101. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpt.12763

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sheng-Shou, H., Report on cardiovascular health and diseases in China 2021: an updated summary, J. Geriatr. Cardiol., 2023, vol. 20, pp. 1—32. https://doi.org/10.26599/1671-5411.2023.06.001

Article  Google Scholar 

Reicher-Reiss, H., Jonas, M., Tanne, D., et al., Prognostic significance of cerebrovascular disease in 11 526 chronic coronary artery disease patients: Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) study group, Am. J. Cardiol., 1998, vol. 82, no. 12, pp. 1532—1535. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00701-2

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hoshide, S., Kario, K., Mitsuhashi, T., et al., Different patterns of silent cerebral infarct in patients with coronary artery disease or hypertension, Am. J. Hypertens., 2001, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 509—515. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7061(00)01293-0

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kozdag, G., Ciftci, E., Ural, D., et al., Silent cerebral infarction in chronic heart failure: ischemic and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, Vasc. Health Risk Manage., 2008, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 463—469. https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s2166

Article  Google Scholar 

Siachos, T., Vanbakel, A., Feldman, D.S., et al., Silent strokes in patients with heart failure, J. Card. Failure, 2005, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 485—489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2005.04.004

Article  Google Scholar 

Xu, J., Li, M., Gao, Y., et al., Using Mendelian randomization as the cornerstone for causal inference in epidemiology, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 2022, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 5827—5839. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15939-3

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang, L. and Zhang, Z., Mendelian randomization approach used for causal inferences, Zhonghua Liu xing bing xue Za zhi, 2017, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 547—552. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.04.027

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lawlor, D.A., Harbord, R.M., Sterne, J.A., et al., Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology, Stat. Med., 2008, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 1133—1163. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.3034

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Burgess, S., Scott, R.A., Timpson, N.J., et al., Using published data in Mendelian randomization: a blueprint for efficient identification of causal risk factors, Eur. J. Epidemiol., 2015, vol. 30, pp. 543—552. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-015-0011-z

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Burgess, S., Small, D.S. and Thompson, S.G., A review of instrumental variable estimators for Mendelian randomization, Stat. Methods Med. Res., 2017, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 2333—2355. https://doi.org/10.1177/0962280215597579

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zheng, J., Baird, D., Borges, M.-C., et al., Recent developments in Mendelian randomization studies, Curr. Epidemiol. Rep., 2017, vol. 4, pp. 330—345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40471-017-0128-6

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brion, M.-J.A., Shakhbazov, K., and Visscher, P.M., Calculating statistical power in Mendelian randomization studies, Int. J. Epidemiol., 2013, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 1497—1501. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyt179

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gibran, H., Jie, Z., Benjamin, E., et al., The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome, eLife, 2018, vol. 7, p. e34408. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34408

Article  Google Scholar 

Bowden, J., Davey Smith, G., Haycock, P.C., and Burgess, S., Consistent estimation in Mendelian randomization with some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator, Genet. Epidemiol., 2016, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 304—314. https://doi.org/10.1002/gepi.21965

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bowden, J., Davey Smith, G., and Burgess, S., Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression, Int. J. Epidemiol., 2015, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 512—525. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv080

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Burgess, S., Butterworth, A., and Thompson, S.G., Mendelian randomization analysis with multiple genetic variants using summarized data, Genet. Epidemiol., 2013, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 658—665. https://doi.org/10.1002/gepi.21758

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Verbanck, M., Chen, C.-Y., Neale, B., and Do, R., Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases, Nat. Genet., 2018, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 693—698. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0099-7

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bowden, J., Spiller, W., Del Greco, M.F., et al., Improving the visualization, interpretation and analysis of two-sample summary data Mendelian randomization via the radial plot and radial regression, Int. J. Epidemiol., 2018, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 1264—1278. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy101

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leithe, M.E., Margorien, R.D., Hermiller, J.B., et al., Relationship between central hemodynamics and regional blood flow in normal subjects and in patients with congestive heart failure, Circulation, 1984, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 57—64. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.69.1.57

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zelis, R. and Flaim, S.F., Alterations in vasomotor tone in congestive heart failure, Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis., 1982, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 437—459. https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-0620(82)90012-3

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zelis, R., Mason, D.T., and Braunwald, E., A comparison of the effects of vasodilator stimuli on peripheral resistance vessels in normal subjects and in patients with congestive heart failure, J. Clin. Invest., 1968, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 960—970. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci105788

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sullivan, M.J., Knight, J., Higginbotham, M., and Cobb, F., Relation between central and peripheral hemodynamics during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: muscle blood flow is reduced with maintenance of arterial perfusion pressure, Circulation, 1989, vol. 80, no. 4, pp. 769—781. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.80.4.769

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alves, T.C., Rays, J., Fráguas, R., Jr., et al., Localized cerebral blood flow reductions in patients with heart failure: a study using 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT, J. Neuroimaging, 2005, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 150—156. https://doi.org/10.1177/1051228404272880

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sun, Y., Xu, Y., and Geng, L., Caspase-3 inhibitor prevents the apoptosis of brain tissue in rats with acute cerebral infarction, Exp. Ther. Med., 2015, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 133—138. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2462

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Marcucci, R., Gori, A., Giannotti, F., et al., Markers of hypercoagulability and inflammation predict mortality in patients with heart failure, J. Thromb. Haemostasis, 2006, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 1017—1022. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01916.x

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Prandoni, P., Lensing, A.W., Cogo, A., et al., The long-term clinical course of acute deep venous thrombosis, Ann. Intern. Med., 1996, vol. 125, no. 1, pp. 1—7. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-1-199607010-00001

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Thompson, R.C., Allam, A.H., Lombardi, G.P., et al., Atherosclerosis across 4000 years of human history: the Horus study of four ancient populations, Lancet