Irvine AR. A newly defined vitreous syndrome following cataract surgery, interpreted according to recent concepts of the structure of the vitreous. Am J Ophthalmol. 1953;36:599–619.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gass JD, Norton EW. Cystoid Macular edema and papilledema following cataract extraction: a fluorescein fundoscopic and angiographic study. Arch Ophthalmol. 1966;76:646–61.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Irvine AR. Cystoid maculopathy. Surv Ophthalmol. 1976;21:1–17.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zur D, Loewenstein A. Postsurgical cystoid macular edema. Dev Ophthalmol. 2017;58:178–90.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Romano V, Angi M, Scotti F, et al. Inflammation and macular oedema after pars plana vitrectomy. Mediators Inflamm. 2013;2013:971758.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Starr MR, Cai L, Obeid A, Ryan EH, Eliott D, Ryan C, et al. Primary Retinal Detachment Outcomes (PRO) Study Group. Risk factors for presence of cystoid macular edema following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery. Curr Eye Res. 2021;46:1867–75.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Merad M, Vérité F, Baudin F, Ghezala IB, Meillon C, Bron AM, et al. Cystoid macular edema after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair with pars plana vitrectomy: rate, risk factors, and outcomes. J Clin Med. 2022;11:4914.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chatziralli I, Theodossiadis G, Dimitriou E, Kazantzis D, Theodossiadis P. Macular edema after successful pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: factors affecting edema development and considerations for treatment. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021;29:187–92.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McKay BR, Bansal A, Kryshtalskyj M, Wong DT, Berger A, Muni RH. Evaluation of subretinal fluid drainage techniques during pars plana vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment-ELLIPSOID study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2022;241:227–37.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Du J, Landa G. Impact of prior pars plana vitrectomy on development of cystoid macular edema after uneventful cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2023;49:266–71.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sengupta S, Vasavada D, Pan U, Sindal M. Factors predicting response of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema to topical steroids and nepafenac. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2018;66:827–30.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bellocq D, Korobelnik JF, Burillon C, Voirin N, Dot C, Souied E, et al. Effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone implants for post-surgical macular oedema including Irvine-Gass syndrome: the EPISODIC study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2015;99:979–83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bellocq D, Pierre-Kahn V, Matonti F, Burillon C, Voirin N, Dot C, et al. Effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone implants for postsurgical macular oedema including Irvine-Gass syndrome: the EPISODIC-2 study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2017;101:333–41.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Thanos A, Todorich B, Yonekawa Y, Papakostas TD, Khundkar T, Eliott D, et al. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant for the treatment of recalcitrant macular edema after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair. Retina. 2018;38:1084–90.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Freissinger S, Vounotrypidis E, Wolf A, Kortuem KU, Shajari M, Sakkias F, et al. Evaluation of functional outcomes and OCT-biomarkers after intravitreal dexamethasone implant for postoperative cystoid macular edema in vitrectomized eyes. J Ophthalmol. 2020;2020:3946531.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schulze-Bonsel K, Feltgen N, Burau H, Hansen L, Bach M. Visual acuities “hand motion” and “counting fingers” can be quantified with the freiburg visual acuity test. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47:1236–40.

Article  Google Scholar 

Miyake K, Miyake Y, Maekubo K, Asakura M, Manabe R. Incidence of cystoid macular edema after retinal detachment surgery and the use of topical indomethacin. Am J Ophthalmol. 1983;95:451–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gebler M, Pfeiffer S, Callizo J, Hoerauf H, Feltgen N, Bemme S. Incidence and risk factors for macular oedema after primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery: a prospective single-centre study. Acta Ophthalmol. 2022;100:295–301.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gharbiya M, Visioli G, Iannetti L, Iannaccone A, Tamburrelli AC, Marenco M, et al. Comparison between scleral buckling and vitrectomy in the onset of cystoid macular edema and epiretinal membrane after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair. Retina. 2022;42:1268–76.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Daien V, Papinaud L, Domerg C, Lacombe S, Daures JP, Villain M. Incidence and characteristics of cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery. Ophthalmology. 2016;123:663–4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lai TT, Huang JS, Yeh PT. Incidence and risk factors for cystoid macular edema following scleral buckling. Eye. 2017;31:566–71.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pole C, Chehaibou I, Govetto A, Garrity S, Schwartz SD, Hubschman JP. Macular edema after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair: risk factors, OCT analysis, and treatment responses. Int J Retina Vitr. 2021;7:9.

Article  Google Scholar 

Peyman GA, Schulman JA, Sullivan B. Perfluorocarbon liquids in ophthalmology. Surv Ophthalmol. 1995;39:375–95.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ankamah E, Sebag J, Ng E, Nolan JM. Vitreous antioxidants, degeneration, and vitreo-retinopathy: exploring the links. Antioxidants. 2019;9:7.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rajesh B, Zarranz-Ventura J, Fung AT, Busch C, Sahoo NK, Rodriguez-Valdes PJ, et al. Safety of 6000 intravitreal dexamethasone implants. Br J Ophthalmol. 2020;104:39–46.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar