Xi Y, Xu P (2021) Global colorectal cancer burden in 2020 and projections to 2040. Transl Oncol 14(10):101174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101174

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tsilimigras DI, Brodt P, Clavien PA et al (2021) Liver metastases Nat Rev Dis Primers 7(1):27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-021-00261-6

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Horino T, Tokunaga R, Miyamoto Y et al (2023) The impact of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index on the outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who receive chemotherapy. Int J Clin Oncol 28(3):400–408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02293-2

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ignatavicius P, Oberkofler CE, Chapman WC et al (2020) Choices of Therapeutic Strategies for Colorectal Liver Metastases Among Expert Liver Surgeons: A Throw of the Dice? Ann Surg 272(5):715–722. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000004331

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ellis J, Petersen M, Chang S et al (2023) Health care professionals’ experiences of dealing with cancer cachexia. Int J Clin Oncol 28(4):592–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02300-6

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kato R, Miyamoto Y, Ouchi M et al (2023) The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index is a prognostic marker in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02338-6

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Corbaux P, Terret C, Cropet C et al (2023) Association of chemotherapy and comorbidities with overall survival in elderly patients with early breast cancer: a French population-based propensity score-matched analysis. Int J Clin Oncol 28(3):371–381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02296-z

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sedrak MS, Freedman RA, Cohen HJ et al (2021) Older adult participation in cancer clinical trials: A systematic review of barriers and interventions. CA Cancer J Clin 71(1):78–92. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21638

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mima K, Nakagawa S, Miyata T et al (2023) Frailty and surgical outcomes in gastrointestinal cancer: Integration of geriatric assessment and prehabilitation into surgical practice for vulnerable patients. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 7(1):27–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/ags3.12601

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nakajima H, Yamaguchi J, Takami H et al (2023) Impact of skeletal muscle mass on the prognosis of patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 28(5):688–697. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02321-1

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C et al (2005) A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ 173(5):489–495. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.050051

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mima K, Miyanari N, Morito A et al (2020) Frailty is an independent risk factor for recurrence and mortality following curative resection of stage I-III colorectal cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 4(4):405–412. https://doi.org/10.1002/ags3.12337

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mima K, Hayashi H, Nakagawa S et al (2021) Frailty is associated with poor prognosis after resection for pancreatic cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 26(10):1938–1946. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-021-01983-z

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rostoft S, O’Donovan A, Soubeyran P et al (2021) Geriatric Assessment and Management in Cancer. J Clin Oncol 39(19):2058–2067. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.21.00089

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Church S, Rogers E, Rockwood K et al (2020) A scoping review of the Clinical Frailty Scale. BMC Geriatr 20(1):393. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01801-7

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Beppu T, Sakamoto Y, Hasegawa K et al (2012) A nomogram predicting disease-free survival in patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with hepatic resection: multicenter data collection as a Project Study for Hepatic Surgery of the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 19(1):72–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00534-011-0460-z

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Beppu T, Yamamura K, Sakamoto K et al (2022) Validation study of the JSHBPS nomogram for patients with colorectal liver metastases who underwent hepatic resection in the recent era - a nationwide survey in Japan. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.1256

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Beppu T, Miyamoto Y, Sakamoto Y et al (2014) Chemotherapy and targeted therapy for patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases, focusing on conversion hepatectomy and long-term survival. Ann Surg Oncol 21(Suppl 3):S405–S413. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-014-3577-x

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mima K, Beppu T, Chikamoto A et al (2013) Hepatic resection combined with radiofrequency ablation for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases after effective chemotherapy is a safe procedure with a low incidence of local recurrence. Int J Clin Oncol 18(5):847–855. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-012-0471-z

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Imai K, Yamashita YI, Miyamoto Y et al (2019) Implication of primary tumor location for the indication of preoperative chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases. HPB (Oxford) 21(4):405–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2018.08.012

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kanemitsu Y, Shimizu Y, Mizusawa J et al (2021) Hepatectomy Followed by mFOLFOX6 Versus Hepatectomy Alone for Liver-Only Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (JCOG0603): A Phase II or III Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Oncol 39(34):3789–3799. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.21.01032

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hasegawa K, Saiura A, Takayama T et al (2016) Adjuvant Oral Uracil-Tegafur with Leucovorin for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PLoS ONE 11(9):e0162400. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162400

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ruspi L, Cananzi FCM, Aymerito F et al (2022) Measuring the impact of complications after surgery for retroperitoneal sarcoma: Is comprehensive complication index better than Clavien-Dindo Classification? Eur J Surg Oncol 48(5):978–984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2021.12.010

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tanaka T, Suda K, Inaba K et al (2019) Impact of Frailty on Postoperative Outcomes for Laparoscopic Gastrectomy in Patients Older than 80 Years. Ann Surg Oncol 26(12):4016–4026. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-07640-0

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yamada S, Shimada M, Morine Y et al (2021) Significance of Frailty in Prognosis After Hepatectomy for Elderly Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 28(1):439–446. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-020-08742-w

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Takamoto T, Hashimoto T, Miyata A et al (2020) Repeat Hepatectomy After Major Hepatectomy for Colorectal Liver Metastases. J Gastrointest Surg 24(2):380–387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-019-04154-8

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Valenzuela CD, Moaven O, Gawdi R et al (2022) Outcomes after repeat hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases from the colorectal liver operative metastasis international collaborative (COLOMIC). J Surg Oncol. https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.27056

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Fried LP, Cohen AA, Xue QL et al (2021) The physical frailty syndrome as a transition from homeostatic symphony to cacophony. Nat Aging 1(1):36–46. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-020-00017-z

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zitvogel L, Pietrocola F, Kroemer G (2017) Nutrition, inflammation and cancer. Nat Immunol 18(8):843–850. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.3754

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hiam-Galvez KJ, Allen BM, Spitzer MH (2021) Systemic immunity in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 21(6):345–359. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-021-00347-z

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tanaka S, Ueno M, Iida H et al (2018) Preoperative assessment of frailty predicts age-related events after hepatic resection: a prospective multicenter study. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 25(8):377–387. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.568

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ishihara A, Tanaka S, Ueno M et al (2021) Preoperative Risk Assessment for Delirium After Hepatic Resection in the Elderly: a Prospective Multicenter Study. J Gastrointest Surg 25(1):134–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-020-04562-1

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kaibori M, Ishizaki M, Matsui K et al (2016) Geriatric assessment as a predictor of postoperative complications in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Langenbecks Arch Surg 401(2):205–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-016-1388-1

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kaibori M, Matsushima H, Ishizaki M et al (2021) Perioperative Geriatric Assessment as A Predictor of Long-Term Hepatectomy Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel). https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040842

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar