Immunological responses in SARS-CoV-2 and HIV co-infection versus SARS-CoV-2 mono-infection: case report of the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV

HIV.gov. Global Statistics. UNAIDS. 2020.

Elahi S, Niki T, Hirashima M, Horton H. Galectin-9 binding to Tim-3 renders activated human CD4+ T cells less susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Blood. 2012;119(18):4192–204.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen G, Wu D, Guo W, Cao Y, Huang D, Wang H, et al. Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019. J Clin Investig. 2020;130(5):2620–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen Z, John WE. T cell responses in patients with COVID-19. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20(9):529–36.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bozorgmehr N, Mashhouri S, Perez Rosero E, Xu L, Shahbaz S, Sligl W, et al. Galectin-9, a player in cytokine release syndrome and a surrogate diagnostic biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 infection. mBio. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00384-21.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Elahi S. Hematopoietic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-022-04220-6.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mehta P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ, et al. COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1033–4.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shahbaz S, Dunsmore G, Koleva P, Xu L, Houston S, Elahi S. Galectin-9 and VISTA expression define terminally exhausted T cells in HIV-1 infection. J Immunol. 2020;204(9):2474–91.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shahbaz S, Jovel J, Elahi S. Differential transcriptional and functional properties of regulatory T cells in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy and long-term non-progressors. Clin Transl Immunol. 2021;10(5):e1289.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shahbaz S, Okoye I, Blevins G, Elahi S. Elevated ATP via enhanced miRNA-30b, 30c, and 30e downregulates the expression of CD73 in CD8+ T cells of HIV-infected individuals. PLoS Pathog. 2022;18(3):e1010378.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dunsmore G, Rosero EP, Shahbaz S, Santer DM, Jovel J, Lacy P, et al. Neutrophils promote T-cell activation through the regulated release of CD44-bound Galectin-9 from the cell surface during HIV infection. PLoS Biol. 2021;19(8):e3001387.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Elahi S, Weiss RH, Merani S. Atorvastatin restricts HIV replication in CD4+ T cells by upregulation of p21. AIDS. 2016;30(2):171–83.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brown LB, Spinelli MA, Gandhi M. The interplay between HIV and COVID-19: summary of the data and responses to date. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2021;16(1):63–73.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pujari S, Gaikwad S, Chitalikar A, Dabhade D, Joshi K, Bele V. Coronavirus disease 19 among people living with HIV in Western India: an observational cohort study. Aids Res Hum Retrov. 2021;37(8):620–3.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Western Cape Department of Health in collaboration with the National Institute for Communicable Diseases SA. Risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) death in a population cohort study from the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73(7):e2005.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ceballos ME, Ross P, Lasso M, Dominguez I, Puente M, Valenzuela P, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of people living with HIV hospitalized with COVID-19: a nationwide experience. Int J STD AIDS. 2021;32(5):435–43.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Peng XR, Ouyang J, Isnard S, Lin J, Fombuena B, Zhu B, et al. Sharing CD4+T cell loss: when COVID-19 and HIV collide on immune system. Front Immunol. 2020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.596631.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hoffmann C, Casado JL, Harter G, Vizcarra P, Moreno A, Cattaneo D, et al. Immune deficiency is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 in people living with HIV. Hiv Med. 2021;22(5):372–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bertagnolio S TS, Silva R, Ford N, Baggaley R, Vitoria M, Jassat W, Doherty M, Diaz J. Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in people living with HIV hospitalized with COVID-19: findings from the WHO Global Clinical Platform. WHO Global Clinical Platform. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-Clinical-HIV-2021.1. Accessed 15 July 2021.

Alrubayyi A, Gea-Mallorqui E, Touizer E, Hameiri-Bowen D, Kopycinski J, Charlton B, et al. Characterization of humoral and SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses in people living with HIV. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):5839.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shahbaz S, Xu L, Sligl W, Osman M, Bozorgmehr N, Mashhouri S, et al. The quality of SARS-CoV-2-Specific T cell functions differs in patients with mild/moderate versus severe disease, and T cells expressing coinhibitory receptors are highly activated. J Immunol. 2021;207(4):1099–111.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu YB, Xiao YL, Wu SJ, Marley G, Ming FZ, Wang XY, et al. People living with HIV easily lose their immune response to SARS-CoV-2: result from a cohort of COVID-19 cases in Wuhan, China. Bmc Infect Dis. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06723-2.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Elahi S, Dinges WL, Lejarcegui N, Laing KJ, Collier AC, Koelle DM, et al. Protective HIV-specific CD8+ T cells evade Treg cell suppression. Nat Med. 2011;17(8):989–95.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhao J, Zhao J, Perlman S. T cell responses are required for protection from clinical disease and for virus clearance in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected mice. J Virol. 2010;84(18):9318–25.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Migueles SA, Osborne CM, Royce C, Compton AA, Joshi RP, Weeks KA, et al. Lytic granule loading of CD8(+) T cells is required for HIV-infected cell elimination associated with immune control. Immunity. 2008;29(6):1009–21.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Okoye IS, Houghton M, Tyrrell L, Barakat K, Elahi S. Coinhibitory receptor expression and immune checkpoint blockade: maintaining a balance in CD8(+) T cell responses to chronic viral infections and cancer. Front Immunol. 2017;8:1215.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Elahi S, Horton H. Association of HLA-alleles with the immune regulation of chronic viral infections. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2012;44(8):1361–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Okoye IS, Xu L, Walker J, Elahi S. The glucocorticoids prednisone and dexamethasone differentially modulate T cell function in response to anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 immune checkpoint blockade. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2020;69(8):1423–36.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

George VK, Pallikkuth S, Parmigiani A, Alcaide M, Fischl M, Arheart KL, et al. HIV infection Worsens age-associated defects in antibody responses to influenza vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2015;211(12):1959–68.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motamedi M, Shahbaz S, Fu L, Dunsmore G, Xu L, Harrington R, et al. Galectin-9 expression defines a subpopulation of NK cells with impaired cytotoxic effector molecules but enhanced IFN-gamma production, dichotomous to TIGIT, in HIV-1 infection. Immunohorizons. 2019;3(11):531–46.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bozorgmehr N, Okoye I, Oyegbami O, Xu L, Fontaine A, Cox-Kennett N, et al. Expanded antigen-experienced CD160(+)CD8(+)effector T cells exhibit impaired effector functions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Immunother Cancer. 2021;9(4):e002189.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motamedi M, Xu L, Elahi S. Correlation of transferrin receptor (CD71) with Ki67 expression on stimulated human and mouse T cells: the kinetics of expression of T cell activation markers. J Immunol Methods. 2016;437:43–52.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Elahi S, Mashhouri S. Immunological consequences of extramedullary erythropoiesis: immunoregulatory functions of CD71(+) erythroid cells. Haematologica. 2020;105(6):1478–83.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shahbaz S, Xu L, Osman M, Sligl W, Shields J, Joyce M, et al. Erythroid precursors and progenitors suppress adaptive immunity and get invaded by SARS-CoV-2. Stem Cell Reports. 2021;16(5):1165–81.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Saito S, Shahbaz S, Sligl W, Osman M, Tyrrell DL, Elahi S. Differential impact of SARS-CoV-2 isolates, namely, the Wuhan strain, delta, and omicron variants on erythropoiesis. Microbiol Spectr. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01730-22.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central 

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif