Woo SB, Robinson M, Thavaraj S HPV-associated oral epithelial dysplasia. In: WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Head and neck tumours [Internet; beta version ahead of print]. Lyon (France): International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2022 [cited 2023 07 24]. (WHO classification of tumours series, 5th ed.; vol. 9). Available from: https://tumourclassification.iarc.who.int/chapters/52

Fornatora M, Jones AC, Kerpel S, Freedman P (1996) Human papillomavirus-associated oral epithelial dysplasia (koilocytic dysplasia): an entity of unknown biologic potential. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 82(1):47–56

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Daley T, Birek C, Wysocki GP (2000) Oral bowenoid lesions: differential diagnosis and pathogenetic insights. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 90(4):466–473

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McCord C, Xu J, Xu W, Qiu X, McComb RJ, Perez-Ordonez B, Bradley G (2013) Association of high-risk human papillomavirus infection with oral epithelial dysplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 115(4):541–549

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Woo SB, Cashman EC, Lerman MA (2013) Human papillomavirus-associated oral intraepithelial neoplasia. Mod Pathol 26(10):1288–1297

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Khanal S, Trainor PJ, Zahin M, Ghim SJ, Joh J, Rai SN, Jenson AB, Shumway BS (2017) Histologic variation in high grade oral epithelial dysplasia when associated with high-risk human papillomavirus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 123(5):566–585

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lerman MA, Almazrooa S, Lindeman N, Hall D, Villa A, Woo SB (2017) HPV-16 in a distinct subset of oral epithelial dysplasia. Mod Pathol 30(12):1646–1654

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang L, Lewis JS Jr, El-Mofty SK, Gandhi M, Chernock RD (2017) Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the upper aerodigestive tract: an HPV-related entity. Head Neck Pathol 11(2):152–161

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alsabbagh A, Robins TL, Harriman A, Jackson-Boeters L, Darling MR, Khan ZA, McCord C (2020) Surrogate markers for high-risk human papillomavirus infection in oral epithelial dysplasia: a comparison of p16, Ki-67, and ProExC. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 129(3):246–259e1

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hendawi N, Niklander S, Allsobrook O, Khurram SA, Bolt R, Doorbar J, Speight PM, Hunter KD (2020) Human papillomavirus (HPV) can establish productive infection in dysplastic oral mucosa, but HPV status is poorly predicted by histological features and p16 expression. Histopathology 76(4):592–602

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Argyris PP, Wilkinson PE, Jarvis MC, Magliocca KR, Patel MR, Vogel RI, Gopalakrishnan R, Koutlas IG, Harris RS (2021) Endogenous APOBEC3B overexpression characterizes HPV-positive and HPV-negative oral epithelial dysplasias and head and neck cancers. Mod Pathol 34(2):280–290

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lerman MA, Woo SB (2014) Histopathologic features of high risk human papillomavirus-associated oral epithelial dysplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 117(1):120

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fejerskov O, Roed-Petersen B, Pindborg JJ (1977) Clinical, histological and ultrastructural features of a possibly virus-induced oral leukoplakia. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand A 85(6):897–906

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kratochvil FJ, Cioffi GA, Auclair PL, Rathbun WA (1989) Virus-associated dysplasia (bowenoid papulosis?) Of the oral cavity. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 68(3):312–316

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Warnakulasuriya S (2018) Clinical features and presentation of oral potentially malignant disorders. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 125(6):582–590

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Eversole LR (2000) Papillary lesions of the oral cavity: relationship to human papillomaviruses. J Calif Dent Assoc 28(12):922–927

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Betz SJ (2019) HPV-Related papillary lesions of the oral mucosa: a review. Head Neck Pathol 13(1):80–90

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lingen M, Vigneswaran N, Kujan O, Kurago Z, Poh C, Ranganathan K Oral epithelial dysplasia. In: WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Head and neck tumours [Internet; beta version ahead of print]. Lyon (France): International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2022 [cited 2023 07 24]. (WHO classification of tumours series, 5th ed.; vol. 9). Available from: https://tumourclassification.iarc.who.int/chapters/52

Lingen M, Fujii S, Hille J, Hunter KD, Salo TA, Cheong SC, Gupta PC Oral squamous cell carcinoma. In: WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Head and neck tumours [Internet; beta version ahead of print]. Lyon (France): International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2022 [cited 2023 07 24]. (WHO classification of tumours series, 5th ed.; vol. 9). Available from: https://tumourclassification.iarc.who.int/chapters/52

Kelly H, Weiss HA, Benavente Y, de Sanjose S, Mayaud P, ART and HPV Review Group (2018) Association of antiretroviral therapy with high-risk human papillomavirus, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and invasive cervical cancer in women living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet HIV 5(1):e45–e58

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Radithia D, Subarnbhesaj A, Ayuningtyas NF, Bakti RK, Mahdani FY, Pratiwi AS, Ayunnisa N, Putri SF, Pramitha SR (2023) Oral hyperpigmentation as an adverse effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients: a systematic review and pooled prevalence. J Clin Exp Dent 15(7):e561–e570

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mikami T, Furuya I, Kumagai A, Furuuchi H, Hoshi H, Iijima S, Sugiyama Y, Takeda Y (2012) Pigmented squamous cell carcinoma of oral mucosa: clinicopathologic study of 3 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 70(5):1232–1239

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Patakas B, Hecker R, Kramer HS (1974) Report on an oral, pigmented, squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Surg 3(6):445–448

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Odell E, Kujan O, Warnakulasuriya S, Sloan P (2021) Oral epithelial dysplasia: Recognition, grading and clinical significance. Oral Dis 27(8):1947–1976

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Keung ES, Souers RJ, Bridge JA, Faquin WC, Graham RP, Hameed MR, Lewis JS Jr, Merker JD, Vasalos P, Moncur JT (2020) Comparative performance of high-risk human papillomavirus RNA and DNA in situ hybridization on College of American Pathologists proficiency tests. Arch Pathol Lab Med 144(3):344–349

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mooren JJ, Gültekin SE, Straetmans JM, Haesevoets A, Peutz-Kootstra CJ, Huebbers CU, Dienes HP, Wieland U, Ramaekers FC, Kremer B, Speel EJ, Klussmann JP (2014) P16(INK4A) immunostaining is a strong indicator for high-risk-HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinomas and dysplasias, but is unreliable to predict low-risk-HPV-infection in head and neck papillomas and laryngeal dysplasias. Int J Cancer 134(9):2108–2117

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Robinson M, Sloan P, Shaw R (2010) Refining the diagnosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using human papillomavirus testing. Oral Oncol 46(7):492–496

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lewis JS Jr (2012) p16 immunohistochemistry as a standalone test for risk stratification in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck Pathol 6(Suppl 1):S75–82

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Allam JP, Erdsach T, Wenghoefer M, Bieber T, Appel TR, Novak N (2008) Successful treatment of extensive human papillomavirus-associated oral leucoplakia with imiquimod. Br J Dermatol 158(3):644–646

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar