From the *Department of General Paediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

†Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands

‡Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

§Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

¶Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

‖Department of Paediatrics, Rotterdam, Franciscus Gasthuis en Vlietland, the Netherlands

**Department of Paediatric Infectious diseases and Immunology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Accepted for publication March 16, 2023

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 668303. The Research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centres at Imperial College London, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. For the remaining authors no sources of funding were declared. The funding sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the article; and decision to submit the article for publication.

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Chantal D. Tan, Bryan van den Broek and Rebecca S. Womersley contributed equally to this work.

PERFORM consortium members listed in Supplemental Digital Content 1, https://links.lww.com/INF/F42.

The datasets generated during and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Code is available from https://github.com/rwomersley/PJID-3ProteinSignature_BacterialViral/

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s website (www.pidj.com).

Address for correspondence: Clementien L. Vermont, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatric Infectious diseases and Immunology, Erasmus MC – Sophia Children’s Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected]