Zhang L, Long J, Jiang W, Shi Y, He X, Zhou Z, et al. Trends in chronic kidney disease in China. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:905–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Saran R, Robinson B, Abbott KC, Bragg-Gresham J, Chen X, Gipson D, et al. US renal data system 2019 annual data report: epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2020;75:A6–A7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ni JY, Wang X, Xie HY, Yang NH, Li JY, Sun XA, et al. Deubiquitinating enzyme USP11 promotes renal tubular cell senescence and fibrosis via inhibiting the ubiquitin degradation of TGF-β receptor II. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2023;44:584–95.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nastase MV, Zeng-Brouwers J, Wygrecka M, Schaefer L. Targeting renal fibrosis: mechanisms and drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2018;129:295–307.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Humphreys BD. Mechanisms of renal fibrosis. Annu Rev Physiol. 2018;80:309–26.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu BC, Tang TT, Lv LL, Lan HY. Renal tubule injury: a driving force toward chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2018;93:568–79.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Maremonti F, Meyer C, Linkermann A. Mechanisms and models of kidney tubular necrosis and nephron loss. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022;33:472–86.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ferenbach DA, Bonventre JV. Mechanisms of maladaptive repair after AKI leading to accelerated kidney ageing and CKD. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015;11:264–76.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Galluzzi L, Vitale I, Aaronson SA, Abrams JM, Adam D, Agostinis P, et al. Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018. Cell Death Differ. 2018;25:486–541.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tang D, Kang R, Berghe TV, Vandenabeele P, Kroemer G. The molecular machinery of regulated cell death. Cell Res. 2019;29:347–64.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bergsbaken T, Fink SL, Cookson BT. Pyroptosis: host cell death and inflammation. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009;7:99–109.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li Y, Yuan Y, Huang ZX, Chen H, Lan R, Wang Z, et al. GSDME-mediated pyroptosis promotes inflammation and fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. Cell Death Differ. 2021;28:2333–50.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu X, Zhang Z, Ruan J, Pan Y, Magupalli VG, Wu H, et al. Inflammasome-activated gasdermin D causes pyroptosis by forming membrane pores. Nature. 2016;535:153–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

He WT, Wan H, Hu L, Chen P, Wang X, Huang Z, et al. Gasdermin D is an executor of pyroptosis and required for interleukin-1β secretion. Cell Res. 2015;25:1285–98.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shi J, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Gao W, Ding J, Li P, et al. Inflammatory caspases are innate immune receptors for intracellular LPS. Nature. 2014;514:187–92.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang Y, Gao W, Shi X, Ding J, Liu W, He H, et al. Chemotherapy drugs induce pyroptosis through caspase-3 cleavage of a gasdermin. Nature. 2017;547:99–103.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Xia S, Kong Q, Li S, Liu X, et al. Gasdermin E suppresses tumour growth by activating anti-tumour immunity. Nature. 2020;579:415–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hu L, Chen M, Chen X, Zhao C, Fang Z, Wang H, et al. Chemotherapy-induced pyroptosis is mediated by BAK/BAX-caspase-3-GSDME pathway and inhibited by 2-bromopalmitate. Cell Death Dis. 2020;11:281.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ghaleb AM, Yang VW. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4): what we currently know. Gene. 2017;611:27–37.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rane MJ, Zhao Y, Cai L. Krϋppel-like factors (KLFs) in renal physiology and disease. EBioMedicine. 2019;40:743–50.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shields JM, Christy RJ, Yang VW. Identification and characterization of a gene encoding a gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor expressed during growth arrest. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:20009–17.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ghaleb AM, Katz JP, Kaestner KH, Du JX, Yang VW. Krüppel-like factor 4 exhibits antiapoptotic activity following gamma-radiation-induced DNA damage. Oncogene. 2007;26:2365–73.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li Z, Zhao J, Li Q, Yang W, Song Q, Li W, et al. KLF4 promotes hydrogen-peroxide-induced apoptosis of chronic myeloid leukemia cells involving the Bcl-2/Bax pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones. 2010;15:905–12.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Saha B, Bala S, Hosseini N, Kodys K, Szabo G. Krüppel-like factor 4 is a transcriptional regulator of M1/M2 macrophage polarization in alcoholic liver disease. J Leukoc Biol. 2015;97:963–73.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hamik A, Lin Z, Kumar A, Balcells M, Sinha S, Katz J, et al. Kruppel-like factor 4 regulates endothelial inflammation. J Biol Chem. 2007;282:13769–79.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ke B, Zhang A, Wu X, Fang X. The role of Krüppel-like factor 4 in renal fibrosis. Front Physiol. 2015;6:327.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Xu D, Chen PP, Zheng PQ, Yin F, Cheng Q, Zhou ZL, et al. KLF4 initiates sustained YAP activation to promote renal fibrosis in mice after ischemia-reperfusion kidney injury. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021;42:436–50.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen ZY, Wang X, Zhou Y, Offner G, Tseng CC. Destabilization of Krüppel-like factor 4 protein in response to serum stimulation involves the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Cancer Res. 2005;65:10394–400.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Park J, Cho J, Song EJ. Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) as a target for anticancer treatment. Arch Pharm Res. 2020;43:1144–61.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Çetin G, Klafack S, Studencka-Turski M, Krüger E, Ebstein F. The ubiquitin-proteasome system in immune cells. Biomolecules. 2021;11:60.