*Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

†Critical Illness, Brain dysfunction, and Survivorship Center, Vanderbilt Center for Health Services Research, Vanderbilt Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

‡Department of Surgery, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

§Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

∥Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Surgical Services, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN

M.F.N., M.R.C., F.E.H., and M.B.P.: designed the study. M.R.C.: data collection. Y.G. and F.E.H.: data analysis. A.W.M. and M.R.C.: writing. A.W.M., M.R.C., M.F.N., Y.G., S.R., E.L.R., F.E.H., and M.B.P.: data interpretation and critical revision of the manuscript.

This work was presented as an oral presentation at the 2023 American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) annual meeting.

This study was supported by Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA; NCRR/NIH UL1 RR024975) for survey incentive and statistical analysis, National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants [K23 GM150110 (A.W.M.), R01GM120484 (M.B.P.), R01AG058639 (M.B.P.), T32GM135094 (S.R., E.L.R., and MBP), F32AG062045 (M.F.N.)], American College of Surgeons (ACS) C. James Carrico, MD, Faculty Research Fellowship for the Study of Trauma and Critical Care (A.W.M.) and Vanderbilt Medical Scholars Program (M.R.C.).

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

[email protected].

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