*Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

†Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

‡Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

§Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

∥Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

The METS study was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science; United Kingdom (UK) National Institute of Academic Anesthesia; UK Clinical Research Collaboration; Australian and New Zealand College of Anesthetists; and Monash University (Melbourne, Victoria, Australia).

J.F.D. is supported by a Vanier Graduate Scholarship and a research scholarship from the Division of General Surgery at the University of Toronto. C.D. is supported in part by an Ontario Graduate Scholarship. K.S.L. is supported by a Merit Award from the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine at the University of Toronto. D.N.W. is supported in part by a Merit Award from the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine at the University of Toronto and the Endowed Chair in Translational Anesthesiology Research at St. Michael’s Hospital and the University of Toronto. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest.

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