Akoumianaki E, Vaporidi K, Georgopoulos D. The injurious effects of elevated or nonelevated respiratory rate during mechanical ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;199(2):149–57.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vaporidi K, Akoumianaki E, Telias I, Goligher EC, Brochard L, Georgopoulos D. Respiratory drive in critically ill patients: pathophysiology and clinical implications. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;201(1):20–32.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brochard L, Slutsky A, Pesenti A. Mechanical ventilation to minimize progression of lung injury in acute respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195(4):438–42.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Goligher EC, Dres M, Patel BK, Sahetya SK, Beitler JR, Telias I, et al. Lung- and diaphragm-protective ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;202(7):950–61.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Telias I, Brochard L, Goligher EC. Is my patient’s respiratory drive (too) high? Intensive Care Med. 2018;44(11):1936–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mitrouska I, Bolaki M, Vaporidi K, Georgopoulos D. Respiratory system as the main determinant of dyspnea in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ. 2022;12(1): e12060.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Caruana-Montaldo B, Gleeson K, Zwillich CW. The control of breathing in clinical practice. Chest. 2000;117(1):205–25.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Del Negro CA, Funk GD, Feldman JL. Breathing matters. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2018;19(6):351–67.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Richter DW, Smith JC. Respiratory rhythm generation in vivo. Physiology. 2014;29(1):58–71.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guyenet PG, Bayliss DA. Neural control of breathing and CO2 homeostasis. Neuron. 2015;87(5):946–61.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Laveneziana P, Albuquerque A, Aliverti A, Babb T, Barreiro E, Dres M, et al. ERS statement on respiratory muscle testing at rest and during exercise. Eur Respir J. 2019;53(6):1801214.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stamatopoulou V, Akoumianaki E, Vaporidi K, Stamatopoulos E, Kondili E, Georgopoulos D. Driving pressure of respiratory system and lung stress in mechanically ventilated patients with active breathing. Crit Care. 2024;28(1):19.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Younes M, Georgopoulos D. Control of breathing relevant to mechanical ventilation. In: Marini J, Slutsky A, editors. Physiological basis of ventilatory support. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1998. p. 1–74.

Google Scholar 

Younes M, Riddle W. A model for the relation between respiratory neural and mechanical outputs: I. Theory. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981;51(4):963–78.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rault C, Sangaré A, Diaz V, Ragot S, Frat JP, Raux M, et al. Impact of sleep deprivation on respiratory motor output and endurance: a physiological study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;201(8):976–83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Eldridge FL, Millhorn DE. Oscillation, gating, and memory in the respiratory control system. In: Terjung R, editor. Comprehensive physiology. Supplement 11: Handbook of physiology, the respiratory system, control of breathing. Bethesda: American Physiological Society; 2011. p. 93–114.

Google Scholar 

Kam K, Worrell JW, Janczewski WA, Cui Y, Feldman JL. Distinct inspiratory rhythm and pattern generating mechanisms in the preBötzinger complex. J Neurosci. 2013;33(22):9235–45.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Corne S, Webster K, McGinn G, Walter S, Younes M. Medullary metastasis causing impairment of respiratory pressure output with intact respiratory rhythm. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(1):315–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Costa R, Navalesi P, Cammarota G, Longhini F, Spinazzola G, Cipriani F, et al. Remifentanil effects on respiratory drive and timing during pressure support ventilation and neurally adjusted ventilatory assist. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2017;244:10–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Raux M, Straus C, Redolfi S, Morelot-Panzini C, Couturier A, Hug F, et al. Electroencephalographic evidence for pre-motor cortex activation during inspiratory loading in humans. J Physiol. 2007;578(Pt 2):569–78.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mador MJ, Tobin MJ. Effect of alterations in mental activity on the breathing pattern in healthy subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991;144(3 Pt 1):481–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cunningham DJ, Robins PA, Wolf CB. Integration of respiratory responses to changes in alveolar pressure of CO2 and PO2 and in arterial pH. Bethesda: American Physiological Society; 1986. p. 475–528.

Google Scholar 

Duffin J, Mohan RM, Vasiliou P, Stephenson R, Mahamed S. A model of the chemoreflex control of breathing in humans: model parameters measurement. Respir Physiol. 2000;120(1):13–26.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Georgopoulos D, Mitrouska I, Bshouty Z, Webster K, Patakas D, Younes M. Respiratory response to CO2 during pressure-support ventilation in conscious normal humans. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156(1):146–54.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Xirouhaki N, Kondili E, Mitrouska I, Siafakas N, Georgopoulos D. Response of respiratory motor output to varying pressure in mechanically ventilated patients. Eur Respir J. 1999;14(3):508–16.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Polacheck J, Strong R, Arens J, Davies C, Metcalf I, Younes M. Phasic vagal influence on inspiratory motor output in anesthetized human subjects. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1980;49(4):609–19.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hamilton RD, Winning AJ, Horner RL, Guz A. The effect of lung inflation on breathing in man during wakefulness and sleep. Respir Physiol. 1988;73(2):145–54.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kondili E, Prinianakis G, Anastasaki M, Georgopoulos D. Acute effects of ventilator settings on respiratory motor output in patients with acute lung injury. Intensive Care Med. 2001;27(7):1147–57.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tobin MJ, Laghi F, Jubran A. Ventilatory failure, ventilator support, and ventilator weaning. Compr Physiol. 2012;2(4):2871–921.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Duffin J. The chemoreflex control of breathing and its measurement. Can J Anaesth. 1990;37(8):933–42.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nieuwenhuijs D, Sarton E, Teppema LJ, Kruyt E, Olievier I, van Kleef J, et al. Respiratory sites of action of propofol: absence of depression of peripheral chemoreflex loop by low-dose propofol. Anesthesiology. 2001;95(4):889–95.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Skatrud JB, Dempsey JA. Interaction of sleep state and chemical stimuli in sustaining rhythmic ventilation. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983;55(3):813–22.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Datta AK, Shea SA, Horner RL, Guz A. The influence of induced hypocapnia and sleep on the endogenous respiratory rhythm in humans. J Physiol. 1991;440:17–33.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Weil JV, Byrne-Quinn E, Sodal IE, Friesen WO, Underhill B, Filley GF, et al. Hypoxic ventilatory drive in normal man. J Clin Invest. 1970;49(6):1061–72.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Aubier M, Murciano D, Fournier M, Milic-Emili J, Pariente R, Derenne JP. Central respiratory drive in acute respiratory failure of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1980;122(2):191–9.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tipton MJ, Harper A, Paton JFR, Costello JT. The human ventilatory response to stress: rate or depth? J Physiol. 2017;595(17):5729–52.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leitch AG, McLennan JE, Balkenhol S, McLaurin RL, Loudon RG. Ventilatory response to transient hyperoxia in head injury hyperventilation. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1980;49(1):52–8.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tenney SM, Ou LC. Ventilatory response of decorticate and decerebrate cats to hypoxia and CO2. Respir Physiol. 1977;29(1):81–92.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar