From the aDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

bGIScience Research Group, Institute of Geography, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany

cThe Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel

dAir Quality Division, Israel Ministry of Environmental Protection

eUnit for Data Management and Computerization, the Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel

fAIR-O Lab, Porter School of Environment and Geosciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Department of Geography and Human Environment, Tel Aviv University, Israel

gSchool of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada.

Submitted December 21, 2022; accepted October 4, 2023

This work was performed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a PhD degree of M.S., Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel. The results reported herein correspond to the specific aims of grant 1746/19 to investigator R.D. from the Israel Science Foundation.

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Supplemental digital content is available through direct URL citations in the HTML and PDF versions of this article (www.epidem.com).

Data and computing code obtaining process: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. The computing code may be obtained per request to: [email protected].

Correspondence: Maya Sadeh, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel. E-mail: [email protected].