From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (M.C.L.R, I.S.B., P.A.C.), University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (M.C.L.R, I.S.B., P.A.C.), Regions Hospital, St. Paul, MN; and HealthPartners Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine (P.A.C.), Bloomington, Minnesota.

Submitted: April 4, 2023, Revised: June 5, 2023, Accepted: June 11, 2023, Published online: July 5, 2023.

This study was presented at the 7th annual meeting of the Chest Wall Injury Society, April 27–29, 2023, in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.jtrauma.com).

Address for correspondence: Peter A. Cole, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Regions Hospital, 640 Jackson St, ML 11503L, St. Paul, Minnesota 55101; email: [email protected]; cc: [email protected].