Seizure activity in the brain induces reversible structural changes in the neuronal Golgi apparatus, according to new research. Fragmentation and dispersal of the Golgi apparatus were observed in neocortical tissue from patients who had undergone surgery for epilepsy and in hippocampal neurons from rats with kainic acid-induced seizures. In rat neurons, the Golgi apparatus returned to normal within 24 h after kainic acid treatment. The authors propose that increased neuronal activity induces Golgi reorganization, which in turn contributes to the alterations in neuronal plasticity that underlie epilepsy.