Funding

Open access funding provided by Università degli Studi di Perugia within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. No funding was received for the preparation of this article.

Conflicts of Interest/Competing Interests

Luca Stingeni has been the principal investigator in clinical trials sponsored by and/or and has received personal fees for participation in advisory boards from AbbVie, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, and Sanofi, outside the submitted work. Andrea Chiricozzi received consulting fees from AbbVie, Almirall, Lilly, Leo Pharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Boehringer Ingelheim, and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Lilly, Leo Pharma, Sanofi, and Janssen, outside the submitted work. Piergiacomo Calzavara-Pinton received consulting fee from AbbVie, Sanofi, Janssen, Incyte, Leo, Almirall, Galderma, Cantabria, Boehringer, Novartis, and BMS. Maddalena Napolitano received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Sanofi, AbbVie, Leo Pharma, Lilly, and Amgen, outside the submitted work. Ketty Peris received consulting fees from Sanofi, grants or contracts from Sanofi, Novartis, AbbVie, and Almirall, payment or honoraria for speakers bureaus from Lilly, Sanofi, and Sun Pharma, personal fees for participation in advisory board from AbbVie, Almirall, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Janssen, Sanofi, Pierre Fabre, Sun Pharma, Biogen, Galderma, and Philogen. Cataldo Patruno received consulting fees from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Leo Pharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, and Pierre Fabre, payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Leo Pharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, Novartis, and Pierre Fabre. Caterina Foti received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Almirall, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Novartis, and Sanofi. Maria C. Fargnoli received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board from AbbVie, Leo Pharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, and Galderma. Monica Corazza received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Almirall, Lilly, Leo Pharma, Novartis, Sanofi, Janssen, and Pfizer. Silvia M. Ferrucci received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Lilly and Menarini, and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board from AbbVie. Paolo D. Pigatto received consulting fees from AbbVie, Almirall, Leo Pharma, and Sanofi, and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Lilly, Leo Pharma, and Sanofi. Gabriella Fabbrocini received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Sanofi, AbbVie, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Amgen, NOVARTIS, Pfizer, UCB, Janssen, and Abiogen. Giampiero Girolomoni received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Abiogen, Almirall, Amgen, Biogen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli-Lilly, Leo Pharma, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Samsung Bioepis, and Sanofi. Paolo Romita received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Novartis, and Sanofi, and for participation of an advisory board from AbbVie. Maria Esposito received consulting fees and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, LEO Pharma, Eli Lilly, and Sanofi. Angelo V. Marzano received consulting fees AbbVie, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, and UCB. Katharina Hansel received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, or educational events from AbbVie, Ganassini, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Novartis, and Sanofi, outside the submitted work. Donatella Schena, Mariateresa Rossi, Marco Romanelli, Maria Passante, Natale Schettini, Giulia Tonini, Rossella Marietti, Gabriele Casciola, and Giuseppe Argenziano have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.

Ethics Approval

AtopyReg® project was approved by the Ethical Committee of Brescia (Italy), the Study Coordinator Center (approval number: 0013530).

Consent to Participate

All patients provided written informed consent.

Consent for Publication

Not applicable.

Availability of Data and Material

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the authors.

Code Availability

Not applicable.

Authors’ Contributions

Conceptualization: LS (equal), AC (equal), PC-P (equal); investigation: all authors contributed equally; data curation: LS (equal), GC (equal), KH (equal); formal analysis: LS (equal), AC (equal), KH (equal); methodology: LS (lead); writing: LS (equal), AC (equal), GC (equal), KH (equal); review/editing: all authors contributed equally. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.