Adjusted hazard ratio for incident vertebral fracture according to baseline values. ucOC undercarboxylated osteocalcin, BAP bone alkaline phosphatase, NTX serum N-telopeptide of type 1 collagen, TRACP-5b tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, 25(OH)D 25-hydroxyvitamin D, TUG timed up and go test time, OLST one-leg standing test with eyes open time. Forest plots are the Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confdence intervals (CIs) for incident vertebral fractures. HR indicates the change in risk of incident vertebral fracture with an increase in the number in parentheses (HR for the fall risk index is the risk of a group with 6 or more points versus a group with less than 6 points). ǂThe efects of baseline bio markers on the occurrence of incident vertebral fractures were analyzed using a multivariate Cox regression model adjusted for confounding factors (age, T-score, the presence of a prevalent vertebral fracture, and the presence of a prevalent non-vertebral fracture). ǂǂThe efects of baseline physical function and the fall risk index on the occurrence of incident vertebral fractures were analyzed using a multivariate Cox regression model adjusted for confounding factors (age, T-score, the presence of a prevalent vertebral fracture, the presence of a prevalent non-vertebral fracture, 25(OH)D, family history of hip fracture, diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis)