Galicia-Garcia U, Benito-Vicente A, Jebari S, Larrea-Sebal A, Siddiqi H, Uribe KB, Ostolaza H, Martín C. Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(17):6275. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176275.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, Malanda B, Karuranga S, Unwin N, Colagiuri S, Guariguata L, Motala AA, Ogurtsova K, Shaw JE. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2019;157:107843.

Criqui MH, Matsushita K, Aboyans V, Hess CN, Hicks CW, Kwan TW, McDermott MM, Misra S, Ujueta F. Lower extremity peripheral artery disease: contemporary epidemiology, management gaps, and future directions: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021;144(9):e171–91.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kim MS, Hwang J, Yon DK, Lee SW, Jung SY, Park S, Johnson CO, Stark BA, Razo C, Abbasian M, Abbastabar H. Global burden of peripheral artery disease and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Global Health. 2023;11(10):e1553–65.

Article  Google Scholar 

Khanna NN, Krishna V, Manjunath CN, Tyagi S, Jindal R, Chadha M, Natesh BH, Warawdekar G, Wangnoo SK, Chopra HK, Jagia P. The Indian Consensus Statement for the management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease. J Indian Coll Cardiol. 2023;13(Special Suppl 1):S1–20.

Article  Google Scholar 

Makkar BM, Sharma JK, Jaggi S, SOOTA K, Gupta V. KHURANA G. Low prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes patients in North India. Diabetes. 2018;67(Supplement_1).

Singh SP. Prevalence of peripheral artery disease in uncontrolled diabetic patients by using ankle brachial pressure index as a routine procedure. Int J Res Rev. 2020;7(9):238–41.

Google Scholar 

Treat-Jacobson D, McDermott MM, Bronas UG, Campia U, Collins TC, Criqui MH, Gardner AW, Hiatt WR, Regensteiner JG, Rich K, American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing. Optimal exercise programs for patients with peripheral artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2019;139(4):e10–33.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Khoury SR, Ratchford EV, Stewart KJ. Supervised exercise therapy for patients with peripheral artery disease: clinical update and pathways forward. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2022;70:183–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kanaley JA, Colberg SR, Corcoran MH, Malin SK, Rodriguez NR, Crespo CJ, Kirwan JP, Zierath JR. Exercise/physical activity in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a consensus statement from the American College of Sports Medicine. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2022.

American Thoracic Society. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:111–7.

Article  Google Scholar 

WHOQOL Group. Development of the WHOQOL: Rationale and current status. Int J Mental Health. 1994;23:24–56.

Article  Google Scholar 

Nicolaï SP, Kruidenier LM, Rouwet EV, Graffius K, Prins MH, Teijink JA. The walking impairment questionnaire: an effective tool to assess the effect of treatment in patients with intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg. 2009;50(1):89–94.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hallak AO, Hallak FZ, Hallak YO, Hallak OO, Hayson AW, Tanami SA, Bennett WL, Lavie CJ. Exercise therapy in the management of peripheral arterial disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes. 2023;7(5):476– 89.

Haas TL, Lloyd PG, Yang HT, Terjung RL. Exercise training and peripheral arterial disease. Compr Physiol. 2012;2(4):2933–3017.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Castro-Sánchez AM, Matarán-Peñarrocha GA, Feriche-Fernández-Castanys B, Fernández-Sola C, Sánchez-Labraca N, Moreno-Lorenzo C. A program of 3 physical therapy modalities improves peripheral arterial disease in diabetes type 2 patients: a randomized controlled trial. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2013;28(1):74–82.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tehan PE, Sadler SG, Lanting SM, Chuter VH. How does a short period of exercise effect toe pressures and toe-brachial indices? A cross-sectional exploratory study. J Foot Ankle Res. 2018;11(1):1–8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Treat-Jacobson D, McDermott MM, Bronas UG, Campia U, Collins TC, Criqui MH, Gardner AW, Hiatt WR, Regensteiner JG, Rich K, and American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease.; Council on Quality of CareOutcomes Research;Council on CardiovascularStroke Nursing, 2019. Optimal exercise programs for patients with peripheral artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 139(4), pp.e10-e33.

McDermott MM, Liu K, Guralnik JM, Criqui MH, Spring B, Tian L, Domanchuk K, Ferrucci L, Lloyd-Jones D, Kibbe M, Tao H. Home-based walking exercise intervention in peripheral artery disease: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;310(1):57–65.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hap K, Biernat K, Konieczny G. Patients with diabetes complicated by peripheral artery disease: the current state of knowledge on physiotherapy interventions. Journal of Diabetes Research. 2021;2021.

Alahdab F, Wang AT, Elraiyah TA, Malgor RD, Rizvi AZ, Lane MA, Prokop LJ, Montori VM, Conte MS, Murad MH. A systematic review for the screening for peripheral arterial disease in asymptomatic patients. J Vasc Surg. 2015;61(3):S42–53.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bearne L, Holmes MG, Bieles J, Eddy S, Fisher G, Modarai B, Patel S, Peacock JL, Sackley C, Volkmer B, Weinman J. Motivating structured walking activity in people with intermittent claudication (MOSAIC): protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a physiotherapist-led, behavioural change intervention versus usual care in adults with intermittent claudication. BMJ open. 2019;9(8):e030002.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mays RJ, Regensteiner JG. Exercise therapy for claudication: latest advances. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2013;15(2):188–99.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schieber MN, Pipinos II, Johanning JM, Casale GP, Williams MA, DeSpiegelaere HK, Senderling B, Myers SA. Supervised walking exercise therapy improves gait biomechanics in patients with peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg. 2020;71(2):575–83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lozano FS, González-Porras JR, March JR, Lobos JM, Carrasco E, Ros E. Diabetes mellitus and intermittent claudication: a cross-sectional study of 920 claudicants. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2014;6(1):21.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar