1M.A. Davidson is associate professor of biostatistics and director, Educator Development Program for Classroom Peer Reviews, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5052-3438.

2R.G. Russell is assistant professor of medical education and administration and director, Learning System Outcomes, Office of Undergraduate Medical Education, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5540-7073.

3P.D. Walker is director, Annette and Irwin Eskind Family Biomedical Library and Learning Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.

4J.A. Zic is professor of dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

5L.R. Churchill is professor emeritus of medical ethics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

6C. Fuchs is professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and professor of pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

7B.M. Miller is professor emeritus of surgery and medical education and administration, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

The authors have informed the journal that they agree that both D. Catherine Fuchs and Bonnie M. Miller completed the intellectual and other work typical of the senior author.

Correspondence should be addressed to Mario A. Davidson, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, 2525 West End Ave., Suite 1100, Room 11115, Nashville, TN; telephone: (615) 343-2272; email: [email protected].

Acknowledgments: The authors thank the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Registrar and Admissions teams for providing an historical dataset of application details and demographic trends. They are grateful for the applicants, students, staff, faculty, and selection committees who generate the admissions practice patterns. They also acknowledge discussions about caring and character with the Kern National Network workgroup for holistic admissions.

Funding/Support: This research was supported by the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Office of Health Sciences Education.

Other disclosures: none reported.

Ethical approval: Vanderbilt University Institutional Review Board Exemption ID #201929 on May 18, 2021.