*RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA

†Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD

‡Health Services Advisory Group, Phoenix, AZ

§L&M Policy Research, Washington, DC

∥RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA

This study was funded by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) contract HHSM-500-2016-00097G.

No conflict of interest exists for any contributing author, now, or in the previous three years. However, please note that Loida Tamayo, William G. Lehrman, Meagan Khau, and Elizabeth Goldstein are employees of the sponsoring agency.

The authors would like to thank Katherine Osby and Biayna Darabidian, MPP for assistance in preparation of the manuscript.

Correspondence to: Marc N. Elliott, PhD, RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90401. E-mail: [email protected].

Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website, www.lww-medicalcare.com.