A reciprocal relationship currently exists between climate change and healthcare, mutually influencing each other. There have been significant planetary shifts in recent decades, marked by escalating temperatures, frequent natural calamities, a disturbing surge in climate-linked fatalities, and a heightened incidence of kidney disease diagnoses.

Dialysis, a life-preserving treatment for kidney failure, extends to 2–3 million patients globally, mainly through in-centre haemodialysis. This treatment exerts an environmental toll, contributing to the healthcare sector's carbon footprint through water usage, energy consumption, waste generation, and current procurement practices. Diligent scrutiny and data collection of these facets have spurred sustainability initiatives, beginning at the local level with water, energy, and waste management. Still, this represents just the tip of the iceberg, with a pressing need for more comprehensive and habitual sustainable dialysis practices.

This review examines the carbon footprint from dialysis, probes its ecological ramifications, and underscores potential solutions to lessen its climate impact.