Duplex Kidney in Adults: a Systematic Review of the Literature

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•• Peng Y, Zhang Z, Shen C, Yu W, Wang G, Zhou L. Surgical management of incomplete duplex kidney with both upper and lower moieties ureteropelvic junction obstruction: a case report with modified reconstructive method. Transl Androl Urol. 2021;10:1792. In this study, the author provides a new modified reconstructive strategy which could be a method of choice when addressing particular anatomies, such as incomplete duplex kidneys with ureteropelvic junction obstruction in both upper and lower poles when the obstruction is close to the confluence of the two ureters.

• Saito S. A case of lower-pole moiety ureteral stenosis close to ureteropelvic junction in an incomplete duplicated collecting system managed by retrograde balloon dilatation that needed a 2nd ureteral stent to the upper-pole. Case Reports in Urology. 2020;2020. In the management of UPJO and/or ureteral stenosis close to UPJ of the lower pole with an incomplete duplicated system by retrograde balloon dilatation, we should keep in mind the possibility of urinary leakage from the upper pole and the need for another stent to the upper pole.

• Yuri P, Utama ET. A complete duplicated collecting system with giant ureterocele in adult: case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2021;79:49–52. In this case, the author used cystoscopy treatment for initial treatment to decompress the hydroureteronephrosis, and later laparoscopic hemi-nephrectomy can be performed due to dysfunctional upper moiety.

• Chionardes MA, Liemarto AK, Gunardi SL. Unilateral duplicated collecting system and ureter with severe hydroureteronephrosis and ectopic ureter insertion of upper pole moiety: a case report. Ann Med Surg. 2022:103255. In patients with upper pole moiety and poor kidney function, related to ectopic ureter, upper pole heminephrectomy can be done. Otherwise, ureter reimplantation is considered when the upper pole function is preserved. The other alternatives are uretero-ureterostomy or uretero-pyelostomy to drain the upper-pole system to the lower pole.

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