Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Management of Diabetic Feet

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•• Mauro M, Allen DS, Dauda B, Molina SJ, Neale BM, Lewis ACF. A scoping review of guidelines for the use of race, ethnicity, and ancestry reveals widespread consensus but also points of ongoing disagreement. Am J Hum Genet. 2022;109(12):2110–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.11.001. Review discussing the different guidelines for the use of race, ethnicity, and ancestry in research with the goal to serve as a resource to researchers to provide guidance on the appropriate use of population descriptors.

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• Pran L, Harnanan D, Baijoo S, Short A, Cave C, Maharaj R, Cawich SO, Naraynsingh V. Major lower limb amputations: recognizing pitfalls. Cureus. 2021;13(8):e16972. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.16972. Retrospective study highlighting the low prosthetic limb acquisition for a patient population in Trinidad and Tobago.

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• Tan TW, Armstrong DG, Concha-Moore KC, Marrero DG, Zhou W, Calhoun E, Chang CY, Lo-Ciganic WH. Association between race/ethnicity and the risk of amputation of lower extremities among medicare beneficiaries with diabetic foot ulcers and diabetic foot infections. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2020;8(1):e001328. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001328. Retrospective cohort study shows that racial and ethnic disparities in rates of amputations exist in populations of fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries.

• Akinlotan MA, Primm K, Bolin JN, Ferdinand Cheres AL, Lee J, Callaghan T, Ferdinand AO. Racial, rural, and regional disparities in diabetes-related lower-extremity amputation rates, 2009–2017. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(9):2053–60. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-3135. Review using the National Inpatient Sample from 2009-2017 to examine racial/ethnic, rural-urban, and regional variations in the trends of diabetes-related lower limb amputations and finding that results are promising when the major-to-minor amputation ratio is considered.

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•• Tan TW, Crocker RM, Palmer KNB, Gomez C, Armstrong DG, Marrero DG. A qualitative study of barriers to care-seeking for diabetic foot ulceration across multiple levels of the healthcare system. J Foot Ankle Res. 2022;15(1):56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-022-00561-4. Qualitative study with 15 participants with diabetic foot ulcers exploring the barriers in accessing medical care within the healthcare system and stating that the outcomes of diabetic foot complications and the inequities in management need to be addressed.

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