*Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine

†Department of Neurosurgery, Luwan Branch, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Liuguan Bian, MD, PhD, E-mail: [email protected]; Zhihong Zhong, MD, PhD, E-mail: [email protected] Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China

B.W. and Y.S. equally contributed to the writing of this article.

This study involving human participants was in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. It was approved by the Ruijin Hospital ethics committee of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.

The need for individual consent was waived by the committee.

Supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81770779).

The authors report no conflicts of interest.