The Impact of Socio-Environmental, Individual, and Biological Factors on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Preschool Children: A Cohort Study with 3-Year Follow-Up

Fernandes I.B.a,b· Ramos Jorge J.a· Mourão P.S.b· Rodrigues A.B.b· Coelho V.S.a· Vettore M.V.c· Ramos-Jorge M.L.b

Author affiliations

aDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
bDepartment of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
cDepartment of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway

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Article / Publication Details

Received: May 12, 2022
Accepted: February 23, 2023
Published online: March 08, 2023

Number of Print Pages: 15
Number of Figures: 2
Number of Tables: 4

ISSN: 0008-6568 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-976X (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/CRE

Abstract

This study assessed impact of socio-environmental, individual, and biological factors on the worsening and severe worsening of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among preschoolers and their families. A cohort study was conducted in Diamantina, Brazil, with 151 children between 1 and 3 years of age and their mothers, who were evaluated at baseline (2014) and re-evaluated after 3 years (2017). The children were clinically examined to assess the presence of dental caries, malocclusion, dental trauma, and enamel defects. The mothers answered the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) and a questionnaire addressing individual characteristics of the child and socio-environmental factors. Extensive caries found in the follow-up (relative risk [RR] = 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–2.91) and failure to undergo the dental treatment recommended at baseline (RR = 2.49; 95% CI = 1.62–3.81) were associated with worsening of OHRQoL over 3 years. An increase in the number of children in the household (RR = 2.95; 95% CI = 1.06–8.25), occurrence of extensive caries in the follow-up (RR = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.05–4.07), and failure to undergo the dental treatment recommended at baseline (RR = 3.68; 95% CI = 1.96–6.89) were associated with a severe worsening of OHRQoL. In conclusion, the risk of worsening and severe worsening of OHRQoL was higher in preschoolers with extensive caries at follow-up and among those who did not undergo dental treatment. Furthermore, severe worsening of OHRQoL was also impacted by an increase in the number of children in the household.

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Article / Publication Details

Received: May 12, 2022
Accepted: February 23, 2023
Published online: March 08, 2023

Number of Print Pages: 15
Number of Figures: 2
Number of Tables: 4

ISSN: 0008-6568 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-976X (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/CRE

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