Retinopathy of Prematurity (National Eye Institute). Accessed September 17, 2021. https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/retinopathy-prematurity

Retinopathy of prematurity: A global perspective of the epidemics, population of babies at risk and implications for control.

Early Human Development. 84: 77-82Good W.v. Flynn J.T. Flach A.J. et al.

Final results of the early treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ETROP) randomized trial.

Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 102: 233

Pathophysiology and mechanisms of severe retinopathy of prematurity.

Ophthalmology. 122: 200-210Jiang J.B. Strauss R. Luo X.Q. et al.

Anaesthesia modalities during laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity: a retrospective, longitudinal study.

BMJ Open. 713344Mintz-Hittner H.A. Kennedy K.A. Chuang A.Z.

Efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for stage 3+ retinopathy of prematurity.

N Engl J Med. 364: 603Pertl L. Steinwender G. Mayer C. et al.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the safety of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.

PLOS ONE. 10e0129383Avery R.L. Castellarin A.A. Steinle N.C. et al.

Systemic pharmarcokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravitreal aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab.

Retina. 37: 1847Stahl A. Lepore D. Fielder A. et al.

Ranibizumab versus laser therapy for the treatment of very low birthweight infants with retinopathy of prematurity (RAINBOW): an open-label randomised controlled trial.

The Lancet. 394: 1551-1559Fleck B.W. Reynolds J.D. Zhu Q. et al.

Time course of retinopathy of prematurity regression and reactivation after treatment with ranibizumab or laser in the RAINBOW trial.

Ophthalmology Retina. S2468-6530 ()

Study to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of intravitreal aflibercept compared to laser photocoagulation in patients with retinopathy of prematurity. ClinicalTrials.gov. Accessed September 10, 2021. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04101721

Aflibercept for retinopathy of prematurity - intravitreal injection versus laser therapy. ClinicalTrials.gov. Accessed March 22, 2022. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04004208

Sankar M.J. Sankar J. Chandra P.

Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009734.PUB3Sato T. Wada K. Arahori H. et al.

Serum concentrations of bevacizumab (Avastin) and vascular endothelial growth factor in infants with retinopathy of prematurity.

American Journal of Ophthalmology. 153: 327-333.e1Hong Y.R. Kim Y.H. Kim S.Y. et al.

Plasma concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor in retinopathy of prematurity after intravitreal bevacizumab injection.

Retina. 35: 1772-1777Hoerster R. Muether P. Dahlke C. et al.

Serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor in an infant treated with ranibizumab for retinopathy of prematurity.

Acta Ophthalmologica. 91: e74-e75Wu W.C. Lien R. Liao P.J. et al.

Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and related factors after intravitreous bevacizumab injection for retinopathy of prematurity.

JAMA Ophthalmology. 133: 391-397Bazvand F. Riazi-Esfahani H. Mirshahi A. et al.

Ocular complications following intravitreal bevacizumab injection for retinopathy of prematurity and assessment of risk factors.

International Journal of Retina and Vitreous. 7 (): 1-8

Concerns for Development After Bevacizumab Treatment of ROP.

Pediatrics. 137e20160057Rouse B. Chaimani A. Li T.

Network meta-analysis: an introduction for clinicians.

Intern Emerg Med. 12: 103Furukawa T.A. Salanti G. Atkinson L.Z. et al.

Comparative efficacy and acceptability of first-generation and second-generation antidepressants in the acute treatment of major depression: protocol for a network meta-analysis.

BMJ Open. 6e010919

Early Treatment For Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group. Revised indications for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: results of the early treatment for retinopathy of prematurity randomized trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121:1684-1696.

Chiang MF, Quinn GE, Fielder AR, et al. International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity, Third Edition. Ophthalmology. 2021;128:e51-e68.

Mori Y. Arima M. Ueda E. et al.

Risk factors for myopia at 1-year corrected age following laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity.

Eye. 35: 2820-2825

R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. 2021. Available at: https://www.R-project.org/ [Accessed March 31, 2022].

Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package.

Journal of Statistical Software. 36: 1-48Barker T.H. Migliavaca C.B. Stein C. et al.

Conducting proportional meta-analysis in different types of systematic reviews: a guide for synthesisers of evidence.

BMC Medical Research Methodology. 21: 1-9Schwarzer G. Chemaitelly H. Abu-Raddad L.J. Rücker G.

Seriously misleading results using inverse of Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation in meta-analysis of single proportions.

Research Synthesis Methods. 10: 476-483Kossmeier M. Tran U.S. Voracek M.

Power-enhanced funnel plots for meta-analysis.

Hotspots in Psychology. 228 (): 43-49

GeMTC: Network Meta-Analysis Using Bayesian Methods version 1.0-1 from CRAN.Accessed September 17, 2021. https://rdrr.io/cran/gemtc/

van Valkenhoef G, Maintainer JK. Package “gemtc” Title Network Meta-Analysis Using Bayesian Methods. Published online 2021. doi:10.1002/jrsm.1054

Sterne J.A.C. Savović J. Page M.J. et al.

RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials.

BMJ. 366: I4898

Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. Accessed September 17, 2021. http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp

Salanti G. Del Giovane C. Chaimani A. et al.

Evaluating the quality of evidence from a network meta-analysis.

PLOS ONE. 9e99682Murakami T. Sugiura Y. Okamoto F. et al.

Comparison of 5-year safety and efficacy of laser photocoagulation and intravitreal bevacizumab injection in retinopathy of prematurity.

Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology. 259: 2849-2855Zayek M. Parker K. Rydzewska M. et al.

Bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity: 2-year neurodevelopmental follow-up.

American Journal of Perinatology. 38: 1158-1166Demir S.T. Güven D. Karapapak M. et al.

Evaluation of Treatment Models in the Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Şişli Etfal Hastanesi tıp Bülteni. 53: 290Chen T.A. Schachar I.H. Moshfeghi D.M.

Outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab and diode laser photocoagulation for treatment-warranted retinopathy of prematurity.

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 49: 126-131Mueller B. Salchow D.J. Waffenschmidt E. et al.

Treatment of type I ROP with intravitreal bevacizumab or laser photocoagulation according to retinal zone.

British Journal of Ophthalmology. 101: 365-370Nicoară S.D. Ștefănuţ A.C. Nascutzy C. et al.

Regression rates following the treatment of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity with bevacizumab versus laser: 8-year retrospective analysis.

Medical Science Monitor. 22: 1192-1209Hwang C.K. Hubbard G.B. Hutchinson A.K. Lambert S.R.

Outcomes after intravitreal bevacizumab versus laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity: a 5-year retrospective analysis.

Ophthalmology. 122: 1008-1015Kong L. Dinh K.L. Schechet S.A. et al.

Comparison of ocular and developmental outcomes in laser and bevacizumab-treated infants with retinopathy of prematurity.

Ophthalmology Research: An International Journal. 3: 13-22Isaac M. Mireskandari K. Tehrani N.

Treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity with bevacizumab versus laser.

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 19: 140-144Chmielarz-Czarnocińska A. Pawlak M. Szpecht D. et al.

Management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a Polish cohort of infants.

Scientific Reports. 11: 4522Lyu J. Zhang Q. Chen C. et al.

Ranibizumab injection and laser photocoagulation to treat type 1 retinopathy of prematurity after 40 weeks post menstrual age: A retrospective case series study.

BMC Ophthalmology. 19: 1-7Leng Y. Huang W. Ren G. et al.

The treatment and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in neonatal intensive care units.

BMC Ophthalmology. 18: 1-8Zhang G. Yang M. Zeng J. et al.

Comparison of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab versus laser therapy for zone II treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity.

Retina. 37: 710Chan J.J.T. Lam C.P.S. Kwok M.K.M. et al.

Risk of recurrence of retinopathy of prematurity after initial intravitreal ranibizumab therapy.

Scientific Reports. 6: 1-7

Comparison of the efficacy between intravitreal aflibercept and laser photocoagulation in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 57: 54-60Ling K.P. Liao P.J. Wang N.K. et al.

Rates and risk factors for recurrence of retinopathy of prematurity after laser or intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy.

Retina. 40: 1793-1803Kabataş E.U. Kurtul B.E. Altıaylık Özer P. Kabataş N.

Comparison of intravitreal bevacizumab, intravitreal ranibizumab and laser photocoagulation for treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity in Turkish preterm children.

Current Eye Research. 42: 1054-1058Gunay M. Sukgen E.A. Celik G. Kocluk Y.

Comparison of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and laser photocoagulation in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in Turkey.

Current Eye Research. 42: 462-469Chen Y.C. Chen S.N. Yang B.C.L. et al.

Refractive and biometric outcomes in patients with retinopathy of prematurity treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab as compared with bevacizumab: A clinical study of correction at three years of age.

Journal of Ophthalmology. 20184565216Kang H.G. Choi E.Y. Byeon S.H. et al.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: efficacy, safety, and anatomical outcomes.

Korean Journal of Ophthalmology. 32: 451

Comparison of bevacizumab and ranibizumab in the treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity affecting zone 1.

Ophthalmologica. 240: 99-105Erol M.K. Coban D.T. Sari E.S. et al.

Comparison of intravitreal ranibizumab and bevacizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia. 78: 340-343Wong R.K. Hubschman S. Tsui I.

Reactivation of retinopathy of prematurity after ranibizumab treatment.

Retina. 35: 675-680

Comparison of clinical outcomes of intravitreal ranibizumab and aflibercept treatment for retinopathy of prematurity.

Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology. 257: 49-55Riazi-esfahani H. Mahmoudi A. Sanatkar M. et al.

Comparison of aflibercept and bevacizumab in the treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity.

International Journal of Retina and Vitreous. 7: 1-7Süren E. Özkaya D. Çetinkaya E. et al.

Comparison of bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept in retinopathy of prematurity treatment.

International Ophthalmology. 30https://doi.org/10.1007/S10792-021-02188-ZAdams G.G.W. Bunce C. Xing W. et al.

Treatment trends for retinopathy of prematurity in the UK: active surveillance study of infants at risk.

BMJ Open. 713366Popovic M.M. Nichani P. Muni R.H. et al.

Intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injection versus laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity: A meta-analysis of 3,701 eyes.

Survey of Ophthalmology. 66: 572-584Alyamaç Sukgen E. Çömez A. Koçluk Y. Cevher S.

The process of retinal vascularization after anti-VEGF treatment in retinopathy of prematurity: a comparison study between ranibizumab and bevacizumab.

Ophthalmologica. 236: 139-147Erol M.K. Coban D.T. Sari E.S. et al.

Comparison of intravitreal ranibizumab and bevacizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia. 78: 340-343

Intravitreal ranibizumab as salvage therapy in an extremely low-birth-weight infant with rush type retinopathy of prematurity.

Oman Journal of Ophthalmology. 5: 184Stewart M.W. Rosenfeld P.J. Penha F.M. et al.

Pharmacokinetic rationale for dosing every 2 weeks versus 4 weeks with intravitreal ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and aflibercept (vascular endothelial growth factor Trap-eye).

Retina. 32: 434-457Papadopoulos N. Martin J. Ruan Q. et al.

Binding and neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and related ligands by VEGF Trap, ranibizumab and bevacizumab.

Angiogenesis. 15: 171-185VanderVeen D.K. Melia M. Yang M.B. Hutchinson A.K. Wilson L.B. Lambert S.R.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for primary treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Ophthalmology. 124: 619-633Krohne T.U. Eter N. Holz F.G. Meyer C.H.

Intraocular Pharmacokinetics of Bevacizumab After a Single Intravitreal Injection in Humans.

American Journal of Ophthalmology. 146: 508-512Krohne T.U. Liu Z. Holz F.G. Meyer C.H.

Intraocular Pharmacokinetics of Ranibizumab Following a Single Intravitreal Injection in Humans.

American Journal of Ophthalmology. 154: 682-686.e2Stahl A. Krohne T.U. Eter N. et al.

Comparing Alternative Ranibizumab Dosages for Safety and Efficacy in Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA Pediatr. 172: 278-286Kong L. Bhatt A.R. Demny A.B. et al.

Pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab and its effects on serum VEGF and IGF-1 in infants with retinopathy of prematurity.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 56: 956-961Wallace D.K. Kraker R.T. Freedman S.F. et al.

Assessment of Lower Doses of Intravitreous Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Phase 1 Dosing Study.

JAMA Ophthalmol. 135: 654Cameron C. Fireman B. Hutton B. et al.

Network meta-analysis incorporating randomized controlled trials and non-randomized comparative cohort studies for assessing the safety and effectiveness of medical treatments: Challenges and opportunities.

Systematic Reviews. 4: 147Mbuagbaw L. Rochwerg B. Jaeschke R. et al.

Approaches to interpreting and choosing the best treatments in network meta-analyses.

Systematic Reviews. 6: 1-5Wu Z. Zhao J. Lam W. et al.

Comparison of clinical outcomes of conbercept versus ranibizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity: a multicentral prospective randomised controlled trial.

British Journal of Ophthalmology. 0: 1-5