Improvements in lung function with budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler versus dual therapies in patients with COPD: a sub-study of the ETHOS trial

1. World Health Organization . Global health estimates 2016: deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region 2000–2016. https://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates/en/ (2018; accessed 11 April 2019).
Google Scholar2. World Health Organization . Global health estimates: life expectancy and leading causes of death and disability. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates (2020; accessed January 6 2020).
Google Scholar3. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease . Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/GOLD-REPORT-2021-v1.0-16Nov20_WMV.pdf (2021; accessed 18 November 2020).
Google Scholar4. GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators . Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018; 392: 1789–1858.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline5. GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators . Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018; 392: 1736–1788.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline6. Burge, S, Wedzicha, JA. COPD exacerbations: definitions and classifications. Eur Respir J 2003; 21: 46s–53s.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI7. Rabe, KF, Martinez, FJ, Ferguson, GT, et al. Triple inhaled therapy at two glucocorticoid doses in moderate-to-very-severe COPD. N Engl J Med 2020; 383: 35–48.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline8. Martinez, FJ, Rabe, KF, Ferguson, GT, et al. Reduced all-cause mortality in the ETHOS trial of budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol for COPD: a randomized, double-blind, multi-center parallel-group study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 203: 553–564.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline9. Ferguson, GT, Rabe, KF, Martinez, FJ, et al. Triple therapy with budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate with co-suspension delivery technology versus dual therapies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (KRONOS): a double-blind, parallel-group, multicentre, phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 2018; 6: 747–758.
Google Scholar | Medline10. Rabe, KF, Fabbri, LM, Martinez, FJ, et al. Seasonal variation in COPD exacerbations: a post-hoc analysis from the KRONOS phase III study of budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler (BGF MDI). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 199: A1571.
Google Scholar11. Rabe, KF, Martinez, FJ, Ferguson, GT, et al. A phase III study of triple therapy with budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler 320/18/9.6 μg and 160/18/9.6 μg using co-suspension delivery technology in moderate-to-very severe COPD: the ETHOS study protocol. Respir Med 2019; 158: 59–66.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline12. Miller, MR, Hankinson, J, Brusasco, V, et al. Standardisation of spirometry. Eur Respir J 2005; 26: 319–338.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI13. Vestbo, J, Anderson, JA, Brook, RD, et al. Fluticasone furoate and vilanterol and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with heightened cardiovascular risk (SUMMIT): a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2016; 387: 1817–1826.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI14. Celli, BR, Thomas, NE, Anderson, JA, et al. Effect of pharmacotherapy on rate of decline of lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from the TORCH study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 178: 332–338.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI15. Lipson, DA, Barnhart, F, Brealey, N, et al. Once-daily single-inhaler triple versus dual therapy in patients with COPD. N Engl J Med 2018; 378: 1671–1680.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline16. Bafadhel, M, Peterson, S, De Blas, MA, et al. Predictors of exacerbation risk and response to budesonide in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a post-hoc analysis of three randomised trials. Lancet Respir Med 2018; 6: 117–126.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline17. Siddiqui, SH, Guasconi, A, Vestbo, J, et al. Blood eosinophils: a biomarker of response to extrafine beclomethasone/formoterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192: 523–525.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline18. Papi, A, Vestbo, J, Fabbri, L, et al. Extrafine inhaled triple therapy versus dual bronchodilator therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRIBUTE): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2018; 391: 1076–1084.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline19. Pascoe, S, Locantore, N, Dransfield, MT, et al. Blood eosinophil counts, exacerbations, and response to the addition of inhaled fluticasone furoate to vilanterol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a secondary analysis of data from two parallel randomised controlled trials. Lancet Respir Med 2015; 3: 435–442.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline20. Rodriguez-Roisin, R, Rabe, KF, Vestbo, J, et al. Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 20th anniversary: a brief history of time. Eur Respir J 2017; 50: 1700671.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline21. Singh, D, Papi, A, Corradi, M, et al. Single inhaler triple therapy versus inhaled corticosteroid plus long-acting β2-agonist therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRILOGY): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2016; 388: 963–973.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI22. Battisti, WP, Wager, E, Baltzer, L, et al. Good publication practice for communicating company-sponsored medical research: GPP3. Ann Intern Med 2015; 163: 461–464.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline

Comments (0)

No login
gif