Upon engagement of E-cadherin or when mechanical force is applied, E-cadherin recruits cytoskeletal proteins and triggers various signal transduction cascades including PI3K, Src, Rho family GTPases, kinases, YAP/TAZ, AMPK, and other metabolic enzymes. These cascades modulate E-cadherin's stability, viscosity, and its connection to the actin cytoskeleton, thereby reinforcing cell–cell adhesion.