KDIGO 2012. Clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. https://kdigo.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/KDIGO_2012_CKD_GL.pdf. Accessed 20 Feb 2023.

Mennini FS, Cabrera C, Card-Gowers J, et al. Inside CKD: projecting the economic burden of chronic kidney disease using patient-level microsimulation modelling. [Poster] 2021. https://www.healthlumen.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/posb68-inside-ckdispor-eucost-burdenposterrevised-submission-pdf.pdf. Accessed 22 Apr 2024.

GBD Chronic Kidney Disease Collaboration. Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2020;395(10225):709–33.

Chang A, Kramer H. CKD progression: a risky business. Nephrol Dial Transpl. 2012;27(7):2607–9.

Article  Google Scholar 

Vivante A, Golan E, Tzur D, et al. Body mass index in 1.2 million adolescents and risk for end-stage renal disease. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172(21):1644–50.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ku E, Lee BJ, Wei J, Weir MR. Hypertension in CKD: core curriculum 2019. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;74(1):120–31.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jha V, Al-Ghamdi SMG, Li G, et al. Global economic burden associated with chronic kidney disease: a pragmatic review of medical costs for the inside CKD research programme. Adv Ther. 2023;40:4405.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen L, Cheng J, Qiu T, et al. Clinical research progress on xenogeneic kidney transplantation. Pract J Organ Transpl (Electronic Version). 2023;11(2):171–4.

Google Scholar 

Wang F, Yang C, Long J, et al. Executive summary for the 2015 Annual Data Report of the China Kidney Disease Network (CK-NET). Kidney Int. 2019;95(3):501–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

KDIGO. KDIGO Clinical practice guideline for anemia in chronic kidney disease. https://kdigo.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/KDIGO-2012-Anemia-Guideline-English.pdf Accessed 20 Feb 2023. 2012.

Li Y, Shi H, Wang WM, et al. Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in Chinese patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease: first multicenter, cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(24):e3872.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Lin P, Ding X-Q, Yuan M, Liu H. A cross-sectional study on anemia and its risk factors in chronic kidney disease. Fudan Univ J Med Sci. 2009;36(5):562–5.

Google Scholar 

Shen Y, Wang J, Yuan J, et al. Anemia among Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease and its association with quality of life—results from the Chinese cohort study of chronic kidney disease (C-STRIDE). BMC Nephrol. 2021;22(1):64.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Eriksson D, Goldsmith D, Teitsson S, Jackson J, van Nooten F. Cross-sectional survey in CKD patients across Europe describing the association between quality of life and anaemia. BMC Nephrol. 2016;17(1):97.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hoshino J, Muenz D, Zee J, et al. Associations of hemoglobin levels with health-related quality of life, physical activity, and clinical outcomes in persons with stage 3–5 nondialysis CKD. J Ren Nutr. 2020;30(5):404–14.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

van Haalen H, Jackson J, Spinowitz B, Milligan G, Moon R. Impact of chronic kidney disease and anemia on health-related quality of life and work productivity: analysis of multinational real-world data. BMC Nephrol. 2020;21(1):88.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Krishnan AR, Trinder D, Chua ACG, Chakera A, Ramm GA, Olynyk J. Anaemia of chronic kidney disease: what we know now. J Renal Hepat Disord. 2017;1(1):11–9.

Article  Google Scholar 

Yamamoto H, Nishi S, Tomo T, et al. 2015 Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy: guidelines for renal anemia in chronic kidney disease. Ren Replace Ther. 2017;3(1):1–46.

Article  Google Scholar 

Wish J, Schulman K, Law A, Nassar G. Healthcare expenditure and resource utilization in patients with anaemia and chronic kidney disease: a retrospective claims database analysis. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2009;32(2):110–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pergola PE, Pecoits-Filho R, Winkelmayer WC, et al. Economic burden and health-related quality of life associated with current treatments for anaemia in patients with CKD not on dialysis: a systematic review. Pharmacoecon Open. 2019;3(4):463–78.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Locatelli F, Del Vecchio L. An expert opinion on the current treatment of anemia in patients with kidney disease. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2012;13(4):495–503.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Barton JC, Barton EH, Bertoli LF, Gothard CH, Sherrer JS. Intravenous iron dextran therapy in patients with iron deficiency and normal renal function who failed to respond to or did not tolerate oral iron supplementation. Am J Med. 2000;109(1):27–32.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Henry DH, Dahl NV, Auerbach M, Tchekmedyian S, Laufman LR. Intravenous ferric gluconate significantly improves response to epoetin alfa versus oral iron or no iron in anemic patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. Oncologist. 2007;12(2):231–42.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kaplan JM, Sharma N, Dikdan S. Hypoxia-inducible factor and its role in the management of anemia in chronic kidney disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(2):389.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

FDA. FDA Drug Safety Communication: Modified dosing recommendations to improve the safe use of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents (ESAs) in chronic kidney disease. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-modified-dosing-recommendations-improve-safe-use-erythropoiesis. Accessed 20 Feb 2023. 2017.

Palmer SC, Saglimbene V, Mavridis D, et al. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for anaemia in adults with chronic kidney disease: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(12):CD010590.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gutiérrez OM. Treatment of iron deficiency anemia in CKD and end-stage kidney disease. Kidney Int Rep. 2021;6(9):2261–9.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leffell MS, Kim D, Vega RM, et al. Red blood cell transfusions and the risk of allosensitization in patients awaiting primary kidney transplantation. Transplantation. 2014;97(5):525–33.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

St Peter WL, Guo H, Kabadi S, et al. Prevalence, treatment patterns, and healthcare resource utilization in Medicare and commercially insured non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients with and without anemia in the United States. BMC Nephrol. 2018;19(1):67.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chinese Experts Group of the Guideline for the Management of ‘CKD-PeriDialysis’, Chinese Non-government Medical Institutions Association. Chinese clinical practice guideline for the management of “CKD-PeriDialysis”—the periods prior to and in the early-stage of initial dialysis. Kidney Int Rep. 2022;7(12 Suppl):S531–S58.

Chai YF, Lin HB, Ding GH, et al. Prevalence and treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease patients based on regional medical big data. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2023;44(7):1046–53.

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Hao CM, Wittbrodt ET, Palaka E, Guzman N, Dunn A, Grandy S. Understanding patient perspectives and awareness of the impact and treatment of anemia with chronic kidney disease: a patient survey in China. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2021;14:53–64.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nephrology Physicians Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association Nephrology Guidelines Working Group. Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of renal anemia in China. Chin Med J. 2021;101:1463–502.

Haase VH. Hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors in the treatment of anemia of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2021;11(1):8–25.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hu Z, Tao H, Shi A, Pan J. The efficacy and economic evaluation of roxadustat treatment for anemia in patients with kidney disease not receiving dialysis. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2020;20(4):411–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tangri N, Chadban S, Cabrera C, Retat L, Sánchez JJG. Projecting the epidemiological and economic impact of chronic kidney disease using patient-level microsimulation modelling: rationale and methods of inside CKD. Adv Ther. 2023;40(1):265–81.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Retat L, Webber L, Garcia Sanchez JJ, et al. Quantifying the epidemiological burden of anemia of CKD in the USA and Canada via microsimulation modelling. 2021. https://www.healthlumen.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/NKF-Inside-ANEMIA-of-CKD-EPI-burden-US-and-CANADA.pdf. Accessed 22 Apr 2024.

Garcia Sanchez JJ, et al. Inside Anemia of CKD: Quantifying the epidemiological burden of anemia of CKD in Canada via microsimulation modelling. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024921004824#:~:text=Inside%20ANEMIA%20of%20CKD%20is,disease%20will%20increase%20in%20parallel. Accessed Dec 2023.

United Nations. UN World Population Prospects data. https://population.un.org/wpp/. Accessed 21 Feb 2023.

Zhang L, Wang F, Wang L, et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China: a cross-sectional survey. Lancet. 2012;379(9818):815–22.

Article  PubMed