The production of useful chemicals using micro-organisms has attracted significant attention in the pursuit of a sustainable society. However, the inherent metabolic pathways of host strains often prove inadequate for producing desirable compounds in many cases, necessitating modifications in metabolic pathways to enhance productivity. Moreover, metabolic engineering, a rational strategy in pathway engineering, plays a pivotal role in this endeavor [1]. In microbial fermentation processes, the focus extends beyond the synthesis pathway for a target compound to encompass the biosynthetic pathways for growing cells. The fermentation processes are classified as ‘growth-coupled process’, wherein cells produce a target compound during growing phase, and ‘nongrowth-coupled process’, wherein cells initially grow and subsequently produce a target compound without further growth. Many successful applications of metabolic engineering for growth-coupled production of numerous target compounds have been reported [2]. The growth-coupled process has many advantages, such as establishing a methodology for pathway modifications, ease of breeding, and stability of engineered strains. However, a tradeoff relationship exists between growth rate and production flux due to the competition between target compound syntheses and the formation of cellular building blocks. Therefore, to achieve a higher production yield, it is imperative to shift the synthesis of target compounds to the nongrowing stationary phase, thereby separating the metabolic pathways of the growth and production modes.
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