Nan, Y., Nan, G. & Zhang, Y. J. Interferon induction by RNA viruses and antagonism by viral pathogens. Viruses 6, 4999–5027 (2014).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Beachboard, D. C. & Horner, S. M. Innate immune evasion strategies of DNA and RNA viruses. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 32, 113–119 (2016).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Reus, J. B., Rex, E. A. & Gammon, D. B. How to inhibit nuclear factor-kappa B signaling: lessons from poxviruses. Pathogens 11, 1061 (2022).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yu, H., Bruneau, R. C., Brennan, G. & Rothenburg, S. Battle Royale: innate recognition of poxviruses and viral immune evasion. Biomedicines 9, 765 (2021).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gammon, D. B. et al. A single vertebrate DNA virus protein disarms invertebrate immunity to RNA virus infection. eLife 3, e02910 (2014).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Orphanides, G., Wu, W. H., Lane, W. S., Hampsey, M. & Reinberg, D. The chromatin-specific transcription elongation factor FACT comprises human SPT16 and SSRP1 proteins. Nature 400, 284–288 (1999).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Orphanides, G., LeRoy, G., Chang, C. H., Luse, D. S. & Reinberg, D. FACT, a factor that facilitates transcript elongation through nucleosomes. Cell 92, 105–116 (1998).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Safina, A. et al. Complex mutual regulation of facilitates chromatin transcription (FACT) subunits on both mRNA and protein levels in human cells. Cell Cycle 12, 2423–2434 (2013).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gammon, D. B. & Evans, D. H. The 3′-to-5′ exonuclease activity of vaccinia virus DNA polymerase is essential and plays a role in promoting virus genetic recombination. J. Virol. 83, 4236–4250 (2009).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gammon, D. B. et al. Vaccinia virus-encoded ribonucleotide reductase subunits are differentially required for replication and pathogenesis. PLoS Pathog. 6, e1000984 (2010).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brown, E., Senkevich, T. G. & Moss, B. Vaccinia virus F9 virion membrane protein is required for entry but not virus assembly, in contrast to the related L1 protein. J. Virol. 80, 9455–9464 (2006).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Griffiths, G., Roos, N., Schleich, S. & Locker, J. K. Structure and assembly of intracellular mature vaccinia virus: thin-section analyses. J. Virol. 75, 11056–11070 (2001).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jordan, I. et al. A deleted deletion site in a new vector strain and exceptional genomic stability of plaque-purified modified vaccinia ankara (MVA). Virol. Sin. 35, 212–226 (2020).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lu, Q. et al. Homeostatic control of innate lung inflammation by Vici syndrome gene Epg5 and additional autophagy genes promotes influenza pathogenesis. Cell Host Microbe 19, 102–113 (2016).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schoggins, J. W. et al. A diverse range of gene products are effectors of the type I interferon antiviral response. Nature 472, 481–485 (2011).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ohlson, M. B. et al. Genome-scale CRISPR screening reveals host factors required for ribosome formation and viral replication. mBio 14, e0012723 (2023).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dembowski, J. A. & DeLuca, N. A. Selective recruitment of nuclear factors to productively replicating herpes simplex virus genomes. PLoS Pathog. 11, e1004939 (2015).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Fox, H. L., Dembowski, J. A. & DeLuca, N. A. A herpesviral immediate early protein promotes transcription elongation of viral transcripts. mBio 8, e00745-17 (2017).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gasparian, A. V. et al. Curaxins: anticancer compounds that simultaneously suppress NF-κB and activate p53 by targeting FACT. Sci. Transl. Med. 3, 95ra74 (2011).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Suzawa, M. et al. A gene-expression screen identifies a non-toxic sumoylation inhibitor that mimics SUMO-less human LRH-1 in liver. eLife 4, e09003 (2015).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhao, Q. et al. GPS-SUMO: a tool for the prediction of sumoylation sites and SUMO-interaction motifs. Nucleic Acids Res. 42, W325–W330 (2014).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li, S. J. & Hochstrasser, M. A new protease required for cell-cycle progression in yeast. Nature 398, 246–251 (1999).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Winkler, D. D. & Luger, K. The histone chaperone FACT: structural insights and mechanisms for nucleosome reorganization. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 18369–18374 (2011).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Seo, D. et al. Poxvirus A51R proteins regulate microtubule stability and antagonize a cell-intrinsic antiviral response. Cell Rep. 43, 113882 (2024).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dehmelt, L. & Halpain, S. The MAP2/Tau family of microtubule-associated proteins. Genome Biol. 6, 204 (2005).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brameier, M., Krings, A. & MacCallum, R. M. NucPred—predicting nuclear localization of proteins. Bioinformatics 23, 1159–1160 (2007).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kosugi, S., Hasebe, M., Tomita, M. & Yanagawa, H. Systematic identification of cell cycle-dependent yeast nucleocytoplasmic shuttling proteins by prediction of composite motifs. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 10171–10176 (2009).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yang, Z. et al. Deciphering poxvirus gene expression by RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling. J. Virol. 89, 6874–6886 (2015).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pavri, R. et al. Histone H2B monoubiquitination functions cooperatively with FACT to regulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. Cell 125, 703–717 (2006).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fleming, A. B., Kao, C. F., Hillyer, C., Pikaart, M. & Osley, M. A. H2B ubiquitylation plays a role in nucleosome dynamics during transcription elongation. Mol. Cell 31, 57–66 (2008).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Minsky, N. et al. Monoubiquitinated H2B is associated with the transcribed region of highly expressed genes in human cells. Nat. Cell Biol. 10, 483–488 (2008).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sanda, C. et al. Differential gene induction by type I and type II interferons and their combination. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 26, 462–472 (2006).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Goulet, M. L. et al. Systems analysis of a RIG-I agonist inducing broad spectrum inhibition of virus infectivity. PLoS Pathog. 9, e1003298 (2013).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Garrett-Sinha, L. A. Review of Ets1 structure, function, and roles in immunity. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 70, 3375–3390 (2013).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schoggins, J. W. Interferon-stimulated genes: what do they all do? Annu. Rev. Virol. 6, 567–584 (2019).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wust, S., Schad, P., Burkart, S. & Binder, M. Comparative analysis of six IRF family members in alveolar epithelial cell-intrinsic antiviral responses. Cells 10, 2600 (2021).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central