Research ArticleVaccinesVirology Open Access | 10.1172/jci.insight.175461

Mingqing Lu,1,2 Yanfeng Yao,3 Hang Liu,3 Xuekai Zhang,1,2 Xuejie Li,2,4 Yuanhua Liu,5 Yun Peng,3 Tong Chen,2,4 Yun Sun,4,6 Ge Gao,3 Miaoyu Chen,3 Jiaxuan Zhao,1,2 XiaoYu Zhang,1,2 Chunhong Yin,1 Weiwei Guo,1,2 Peipei Yang,1,2 Xue Hu,1 Juhong Rao,1,2 Entao Li,7 Gary Wong,4 Zhiming Yuan,1,3 Sandra Chiu,7 Chao Shan,1,3,8 and Jiaming Lan4

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Lu, M. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Yao, Y. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Liu, H. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Zhang, X. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Li, X. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Liu, Y. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Peng, Y. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Chen, T. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Sun, Y. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Gao, G. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Chen, M. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Zhao, J. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Zhang, X. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Yin, C. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Guo, W. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Yang, P. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Hu, X. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Rao, J. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Li, E. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Wong, G. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Yuan, Z. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Chiu, S. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Shan, C. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

4CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

5Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

6College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

7Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

8Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.

Address correspondence to: Jiaming Lan, 320 Yueyang Street, Xuhui, Shanghai, China. Phone: 86.13932127262: Email: jmlan@ips.ac.cn. Or to: Sandra Chiu, 96 Jinzhai Street, Hefei, China. Phone: 86.13955131838; Email: qiux@ustc.edu.cn. Or to: Chao Shan, Zhiming Yuan, or Yanfeng Yao, 262 Jinlong Street, Jiangxia, Wuhan, China. Phone: 86.18971463986; Email: shanchao@wh.iov.cn (CS); Phone: 86.13886029260; Email: yzm@wh.iov.cn (ZY); Phone: 86.18163555160; Email: yaoyf@wh.iov.cn (YY).

Authorship note: ML and YY contributed equally to this work.

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