Increasing numbers of older adults with urological diseases are undergoing surgery, but older age is associated with a higher risk of complications. Common complications in the older population include perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs), which can delay recovery and negatively affect outcomes. PNDs develop after surgery and affect orientation, attention, perception, consciousness, and judgment. PND usually manifests as either transient postoperative delirium (POD) or persistent postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) [1]. POD alone affects 700 000 cases in the USA annually and is associated with poorer patient outcomes, greater mortality, and a significant economic burden (estimated annual cost of $32.9 billion) [2]. The high incidence of PND led to development of strategies that target patient-related factors as well as surgical and anesthetic considerations to reduce this health problem. Prehabilitation is the process of increasing an individual’s baseline physiological capacity before surgery with the goal of enhancing recovery and reducing postoperative complications. Implementation of multimodal nutritional and exercise prehabilitation for patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal malignancies reduced postoperative complications [3]. The premise that cognitive prehabilitation can increase the baseline cognitive state and reduce the incidence of PND is therefore very appealing and is discussed in this mini review.