Available online 15 November 2023

The data supporting the conclusions of this article are available in Genome Sequence Archive of the BIG Data Center at the Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Science, under accession numbers CRA004159 (16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data) and CRA005909 (Metagenomic shotgun sequencing data) (http://bigd.big.ac.cn/gsa-human).

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

We are grateful to the enrolled patients and volunteer who contributed generously to the work we performed. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No: (2019)212. The project was supported by the Guangdong Key Area Research and Development Program (2019B020228001 to T.D.) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81971906 to T.D.).

There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

© 2023 Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Genetics Society of China. Published by Elsevier Limited and Science Press.