International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes around the world: 2021. IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition. https://diabetesatlas.org/idfawp/resource-files/2021/11/IDFDA10-global-fact-sheet.pdf. Last accessed 19 Mar 2023.
Sinclair A, Saeedi P, Kaundal A, Karuranga S, Malanda B, Williams R. Diabetes and global ageing among 65-99-year-old adults: findings from the international diabetes federation diabetes atlas, 9th edition. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;162:108078.
Einarson TR, Acs A, Ludwig C, Panton UH. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a systematic literature review of scientific evidence from across the world in 2007–2017. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018;17:83.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Rosenquist KJ, Fox CS. Mortality Trends in Type 2 Diabetes. In: Cowie CC, Casagrande SS, Menke A, Cissell MA, Eberhardt MS, Meigs JB, Gregg EW, Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Becker DJ, Brancati FL, Boyko EJ, Herman WH, Howard BV, Narayan KMV, Rewers M, Fradkin JE, editors. Diabetes in America. 3rd ed. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (US); 2018. Chapter 36.
Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Anderson CAM, Arora P, Avery CL, Baker-Smith CM, Beaton AZ, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Eze-Nliam C, Fugar S, Generoso G, Heard DG, Hiremath S, Ho JE, Kalani R, Kazi DS, Ko D, Levine DA, Liu J, Ma J, Magnani JW, Michos ED, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Parikh NI, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Shah NS, St-Onge MP, Thacker EL, Virani SS, Voeks JH, Wang NY, Wong ND, Wong SS, Yaffe K, Martin SS, American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2023 update: a report from the American heart association. Circulation. 2023;147:e93–621 Erratum in: Circulation 2023;147:e622.
Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, McQueen M, Budaj A, Pais P, Varigos J, Lisheng L, INTERHEART Study Investigators. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937–52.
Ojanen X, Cheng R, Törmäkangas T, Rappaport N, Wilmanski T, Wu N, Fung E, Nedelec R, Sebert S, Vlachopoulos D, Yan W, Price ND, Cheng S, Wiklund P. Towards early risk biomarkers: serum metabolic signature in childhood predicts cardio-metabolic risk in adulthood. EBioMedicine. 2021;72:103611.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Soininen P, Kangas AJ, Würtz P, Suna T, Ala-Korpela M. Quantitative serum nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in cardiovascular epidemiology and genetics. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2015;8:192–206.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bornfeldt KE, Tabas I. Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and atherosclerosis. Cell Metab. 2011;14:575–85.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Gimbrone MA Jr, García-Cardeña G. Endothelial cell dysfunction and the pathobiology of atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 2016;118:620–36.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Soehnlein O, Libby P. Targeting inflammation in atherosclerosis - from experimental insights to the clinic. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2021;20:589–610.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Dunlay SM, Givertz MM, Aguilar D, Allen LA, Chan M, Desai AS, Deswal A, Dickson VV, Kosiborod MN, Lekavich CL, McCoy RG, Mentz RJ, Piña IL, American Heart Association Heart Failure and Transplantation Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; and the Heart Failure Society of America. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure: a scientific statement from the American heart association and the heart failure society of America: this statement does not represent an update of the 2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA heart failure guideline update. Circulation. 2019;140:e294–324 Erratum in: Circulation 2019;140:e692.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kenny HC, Abel ED. Heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circ Res. 2019;124:121–41.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ceriello A, Catrinoiu D, Chandramouli C, Cosentino F, Dombrowsky AC, Itzhak B, Lalic NM, Prattichizzo F, Schnell O, Seferović PM, Valensi P, Standl E, D&CVD EASD Study Group. Heart failure in type 2 diabetes: current perspectives on screening, diagnosis and management. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021;20:218.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Pop-Busui R, Januzzi JL, Bruemmer D, Butalia S, Green JB, Horton WB, Knight C, Levi M, Rasouli N, Richardson CR. Heart failure: an underappreciated complication of diabetes. A consensus report of the American diabetes association. Diabetes Care. 2022;45:1670–90.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Gabay C, Kushner I. Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:448–54 Erratum in: N Engl J Med 1999;340:1376.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Madsen TD, Hansen LH, Hintze J, Ye Z, Jebari S, Andersen DB, Joshi HJ, Ju T, Goetze JP, Martin C, Rosenkilde MM, Holst JJ, Kuhre RE, Goth CK, Vakhrushev SY, Schjoldager KT. An atlas of O-linked glycosylation on peptide hormones reveals diverse biological roles. Nat Commun. 2020;11:4033.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Rabinovich GA, van Kooyk Y, Cobb BA. Glycobiology of immune responses. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012;1253:1–15.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Smith BAH, Bertozzi CR. The clinical impact of glycobiology: targeting selectins, Siglecs and mammalian glycans. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2021;20:217–43 Erratum in: Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021;20:244.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ala-Korpela M. 1H NMR spectroscopy of human blood plasma. Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc. 1995;27:475–554.
Holmes E, Wist J, Masuda R, Lodge S, Nitschke P, Kimhofer T, Loo RL, Begum S, Boughton B, Yang R, Morillon AC, Chin ST, Hall D, Ryan M, Bong SH, Gay M, Edgar DW, Lindon JC, Richards T, Yeap BB, Pettersson S, Spraul M, Schaefer H, Lawler NG, Gray N, Whiley L, Nicholson JK. Incomplete systemic recovery and metabolic phenoreversion in post-acute-phase nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients: implications for assessment of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. J Proteome Res. 2021;20:3315–29.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bell JD, Brown JC, Nicholson JK, Sadler PJ. Assignment of resonances for “acute-phase” glycoproteins in high resolution proton NMR spectra of human blood plasma. FEBS Lett. 1987;215:311–5.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Fuertes-Martín R, Taverner D, Vallvé JC, Paredes S, Masana L, Correig Blanchar X, Amigó GN. Characterization of 1H NMR plasma glycoproteins as a new strategy to identify inflammatory patterns in rheumatoid arthritis. J Proteome Res. 2018;17:3730–9.
Fuertes-Martín R, Correig X, Vallvé JC, Amigó N. Title: human serum/plasma glycoprotein analysis by 1H-NMR, an emerging method of inflammatory assessment. J Clin Med. 2020;9:354.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Otvos JD, Shalaurova I, Wolak-Dinsmore J, Connelly MA, Mackey RH, Stein JH, Tracy RP. GlycA: a composite nuclear magnetic resonance biomarker of systemic inflammation. Clin Chem. 2015;61:714–23.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Otvos JD, Shalaurova IY, Bennett DW, Wolak-Dinsmore JE, O'Connell TM, Mercier K. Multi-parameter Diabetes Risk Evaluations. Patent number 9792410. Published by U.S Patent Office (publication number 20150149095) on Oct 17, 2017. https://assignment.uspto.gov/patent/index.html#/patent/search/resultAbstract?id=9792410&type=patNum. Last accessed online on 6 Sep 2023.
Lorenzo C, Festa A, Hanley AJ, Rewers MJ, Escalante A, Haffner SM. Novel protein glycan-derived markers of systemic inflammation and C-reactive protein in relation to glycemia, insulin resistance, and insulin secretion. Diabetes Care. 2017;40:375–82.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Noel M, Chasman DI, Mora S, Otvos JD, Palmer CD, Parsons PJ, Smoller JW, Cummings RD, Mealer RG. The inflammation biomarker GlycA reflects plasma N-Glycan branching. Clin Chem. 2023;69:80–7.
Ritchie SC, Würtz P, Nath AP, Abraham G, Havulinna AS, Fearnley LG, Sarin AP, Kangas AJ, Soininen P, Aalto K, Seppälä I, Raitoharju E, Salmi M, Maksimow M, Männistö S, Kähönen M, Juonala M, Ripatti S, Lehtimäki T, Jalkanen S, Perola M, Raitakari O, Salomaa V, Ala-Korpela M, Kettunen J, Inouye M. The biomarker GlycA is associated with chronic inflammation and predicts long-term risk of severe infection. Cell Syst. 2015;1:293–301.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Dungan K, Binkley P, Osei K. GlycA is a novel marker of inflammation among non-critically Ill hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Inflammation. 2015;38:1357–63.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ormseth MJ, Chung CP, Oeser AM, Connelly MA, Sokka T, Raggi P, Solus JF, Otvos JD, Stein CM. Utility of a novel inflammatory marker, GlycA, for assessment of rheumatoid arthritis disease activity and coronary atherosclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17:117.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bartlett DB, Connelly MA, AbouAssi H, Bateman LA, Tune KN, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Winegar DA, Otvos JD, Kraus WE, Huffman KM. A novel inflammatory biomarker, GlycA, associates with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and cardio-metabolic risk in BMI-matched controls. Arthritis Res Ther. 2016;18:86.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Akinkuolie AO, Buring JE, Ridker PM, Mora S. A novel protein glycan biomarker and future cardiovascular disease events. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3:e001221.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Lawler PR, Akinkuolie AO, Chandler PD, Moorthy MV, Vandenburgh MJ, Schaumberg DA, Lee IM, Glynn RJ, Ridker PM, Buring JE, Mora S. Circulating N-linked glycoprotein acetyls and longitudinal mortality risk. Circ Res. 2016;118:1106–15.
Comments (0)