Furtner D, et al. Digital transformation in medical affairs sparked by the pandemic: insights and learnings from COVID-19 era and beyond. Pharmaceut Med. 2022;36(1):1–10.

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

World Health Organization. WHO digital health. 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/health-topics/digital-health#tab=tab_1. Accessed 8 Sept 2023.

Hernandez MF, Rodriguez F. Health techequity: opportunities for digital health innovations to improve equity and diversity in cardiovascular care. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep. 2022:1–20.

Lattouf OM. Impact of digital transformation on the future of medical education and practice. J Card Surg. 2022;37(9):2799–808.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ronquillo Y, Meyers A, Korvek SJ. Digital health. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC; 2022.

Google Scholar 

Vogel B, et al. The Lancet women and cardiovascular disease Commission: reducing the global burden by 2030. Lancet. 2021;397(10292):2385–438.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Clayton JA, Gaugh MD. Sex as a biological variable in cardiovascular diseases: JACC focus seminar 1/7. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;79(14):1388–97.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tsao CW, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2022 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022;145(8):e153–639.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Adedinsewo DA, et al. Cardiovascular disease screening in women: leveraging artificial intelligence and digital tools. Circ Res. 2022;130(4):673–90.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mocumbi AO. Women’s cardiovascular health: shifting towards equity and justice. Lancet. 2021;397(10292):2315–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Roger VL, et al. Recommendations for cardiovascular health and disease surveillance for 2030 and beyond: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020;141(9):e104–19.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Thakur S, Lahiry S. Digital clinical trial: a new norm in clinical research. Perspect Clin Res. 2021;12(4):184–8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Turakhia MP, Desai SA, Harrington RA. The outlook of digital health for cardiovascular medicine: challenges but also extraordinary opportunities. JAMA Cardiol. 2016;1(7):743–4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Garcia M, et al. Cardiovascular disease in women. Circ Res. 2016;118(8):1273–93.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Leopold JA, Antman EM. A precision medicine approach to sex-based differences in ideal cardiovascular health. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):14848.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Melloni C, et al. Representation of women in randomized clinical trials of cardiovascular disease prevention. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2010;3(2):135–42.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jin X, et al. Women’s participation in cardiovascular clinical trials from 2010 to 2017. Circulation. 2020;141(7):540–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Michos ED, et al. Improving the enrollment of women and racially/ethnically diverse populations in cardiovascular clinical trials: an ASPC practice statement. Am J Prev Cardiol. 2021;8:100250.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Steinberg JR, et al. Analysis of female enrollment and participant sex by burden of disease in US clinical trials between 2000 and 2020. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(6):e2113749.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Vasisht KP, Nugent BM, Woodcock J. Progress and opportunities for women in clinical trials: a look at recent data and initiatives from the U.S. FDA. Med. 2021;2(5):456–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alipour P, et al. Representation of women in atrial fibrillation clinical practice guidelines. Can J Cardiol. 2022;38(6):729–35.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Connelly PJ, et al. The importance of gender to understand sex differences in cardiovascular disease. Can J Cardiol. 2021;37(5):699–710.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cirillo D, et al. Sex and gender differences and biases in artificial intelligence for biomedicine and healthcare. npj Digit Med. 2020;3(1):81.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Arnegard ME, Whitten LA, Hunter C, Clayton JA. Sex as a biological variable: a 5-year progress report and call to action. J Women's Health. 2020;29(6):858–64.

Miller LR, et al. Considering sex as a biological variable in preclinical research. Faseb J. 2017;31(1):29–34.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Eberly LA, et al. Telemedicine outpatient cardiovascular care during the COVID-19 pandemic: bridging or opening the digital divide? Circulation. 2020;142(5):510–2.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Battineni G, et al. The benefits of telemedicine in personalized prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD): a systematic review. J Pers Med. 2021;11(7):658.

Chen C, et al. Post-discharge short message service improves short-term clinical outcome and self-care behaviour in chronic heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2019;6(1):164–73.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gu X, et al. Effect of telehealth interventions on major cardiovascular outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2017;14(8):501–8.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Widmer RJ, et al. Digital health interventions for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015;90(4):469–80.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Golbus JR, et al. Wearable device signals and home blood pressure data across age, sex, race, ethnicity, and clinical phenotypes in the Michigan Predictive Activity & Clinical Trajectories in Health (MIPACT) study: a prospective, community-based observational study. Lancet Digit Health. 2021;3(11):e707–15.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. Life’s essential 8: updating and enhancing the American Heart Association’s construct of cardiovascular health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022;146(5):e18–43.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Senecal C, Widmer RJ, Larrabee BR, de Andrade M, Lerman LO, Lerman A, et al. A digital health weight loss program in 250,000 individuals. J Obes. 2020;2020:9497164. This study of 250,000 mostly women participants demonstrated that those engaged in electronic delivery of a weight loss program via smartphones had significant weight reduction.

Sardi L, Idri A, Fernández-Alemán JL. A systematic review of gamification in e-health. J Biomed Inform. 2017;71:31–48.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ajayi KV, et al. The use of digital health tools for health promotion among women with and without chronic diseases: insights from the 2017-2020 health information national trends survey. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2022;10(8):e39520.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sieck CJ, et al. Digital inclusion as a social determinant of health. NPJ Digit Med. 2021;4(1):52.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Akinosun AS, et al. Digital technology interventions for risk factor modification in patients with cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2021;9(3):e21061.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Devani RN, Kirubakaran A, Molokhia M. Digital health RCT interventions for cardiovascular disease risk reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Technol. 2022;12(4):687–700.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hageman PA, Walker SN, Pullen CH. Tailored versus standard internet-delivered interventions to promote physical activity in older women. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2005;30(1):28–33.

Article  Google Scholar 

Kitt J, Fox R, Tucker KL, McManus RJ. New approaches in hypertension management: a review of current and developing technologies and their potential impact on hypertension care. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2019;21(6):44.

Lieber SB, et al. A national interactive web-based physical activity intervention in women, evaluation of the American Heart Association Choose to Move Program 2006–2007. Am J Cardiol. 2012;109(12):1754–60.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lombard C, et al. A low intensity, community based lifestyle programme to prevent weight gain in women with young children: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2010;341:c3215.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Park M-J, Kim H-S. Evaluation of mobile phone and Internet intervention on waist circumference and blood pressure in post-menopausal women with abdominal obesity. Int J Med Inform. 2012;81(6):388–94. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of a web-based lifestyle intervention using text messages in improving cardiometabolic risk among postmenopausal women.

Redfern J, et al. A digital health intervention for cardiovascular disease management in primary care (CONNECT) randomized controlled trial. npj Digit Med. 2020;3(1):117.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sengupta A, et al. Designing a health coach-augmented mHealth system for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease among women. IEEE Trans Eng Manag. 2022;69(6):3085–100.

Article  Google Scholar 

Sakakibara BM, et al. Using mobile-health to connect women with cardiovascular disease and improve self-management. Telemed J E Health. 2017;23(3):233–9.

Article  PubMed