Bernal J. Thyroid hormone receptors in brain development and function. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2007;3(3):249–59.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Zoeller RT, Rovet J. Timing of thyroid hormone action in the developing brain: clinical observations and experimental findings. J Neuroendocrinol. 2004;16(10):809–18.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Göbel A, Heldmann M, Göttlich M, Dirk AL, Brabant G, Münte TF. Effect of experimental thyrotoxicosis on Brain Gray Matter: a voxel-based Morphometry Study. Eur Thyroid J. 2015;4(Suppl 1):113–8.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Göbel A, Heldmann M, Göttlich M, Goerges R, Nieberding R, Sartorius A, et al. Partial withdrawal of levothyroxine treated disease leads to brain activations and effects on performance in a working memory task: a pilot study. J Neuroendocrinol. 2019;31(4):e12707.
Münte TF, Lill C, Otting G, Brabant G. Cognitive changes in short-term hypothyroidism assessed with event-related brain potentials. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2004;29(9):1109–18.
Münte TF, Radamm C, Johannes S, Brabant G. Alterations of cognitive functions induced by exogenous application of thyroid hormones in healthy men: a double-blind cross-over study using event-related brain potentials. Thyroid. 2001;11(4):385–91.
Singh S, Modi S, Bagga D, Kaur P, Shankar LR, Khushu S. Voxel-based morphometric analysis in hypothyroidism using diffeomorphic anatomic registration via an exponentiated lie algebra algorithm approach. J Neuroendocrinol. 2013;25(3):229–34.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Moran C, Chatterjee K. Resistance to thyroid hormone alpha-emerging definition of a disorder of thyroid hormone action. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(7):2636–9.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Schoenmakers N, Moran C, Peeters RP, Visser T, Gurnell M, Chatterjee K. Resistance to thyroid hormone mediated by defective thyroid hormone receptor alpha. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013;1830(7):4004–8.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Pappa T, Refetoff S. Human Genetics of thyroid hormone receptor Beta: resistance to thyroid hormone Beta (RTHbeta). Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1801:225–40.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Frank-Raue K, Lorenz A, Haag C, Hoppner W, Boll HU, Knorr D, et al. Severe form of thyroid hormone resistance in a patient with homozygous/hemizygous mutation of T3 receptor gene. Eur J Endocrinol. 2004;150(6):819–23.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Abel ED, Boers ME, Pazos-Moura C, Moura E, Kaulbach H, Zakaria M, et al. Divergent roles for thyroid hormone receptor beta isoforms in the endocrine axis and auditory system. J Clin Invest. 1999;104(3):291–300.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Refetoff S, Weiss RE, Usala SJ. The syndromes of resistance to thyroid hormone. Endocr Rev. 1993;14(3):348–99.
Onigata K, Szinnai G. Resistance to thyroid hormone. Endocr Dev. 2014;26:118–29.
Campi I, Cammarata G, Bianchi Marzoli S, Beck-Peccoz P, Santarsiero D, Dazzi D, et al. Retinal photoreceptor functions are compromised in patients with resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome (RTHbeta). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017;102(7):2620–7.
Martinez Lopez AB, Moreno Navarro JC, Maldonado Belmonte MJ, Roldan Martin MB. [Resistance to thyroid hormone and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]. An Pediatr (Barc). 2013;78(4):274–5.
Rohrer T, Gassmann K, Pohlenz J, Dorr HG. [Resistance to thyroid hormone - goiter and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder as main manifestation]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2002;127(23):1250–2.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Stein MA, Weiss RE, Refetoff S. Neurocognitive characteristics of individuals with resistance to thyroid hormone: comparisons with individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1995;16(6):406–11.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Weiss RE, Stein MA, Refetoff S. Behavioral effects of liothyronine (L-T3) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the presence and absence of resistance to thyroid hormone. Thyroid. 1997;7(3):389–93.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ashburner J, Friston KJ. Unified segmentation. NeuroImage. 2005;26(3):839–51.
Nemoto K. [Understanding Voxel-Based Morphometry]. Brain Nerve. 2017;69(5):505–11.
Zhang W, Song L, Yin X, Zhang J, Liu C, Wang J, et al. Grey matter abnormalities in untreated hyperthyroidism: a voxel-based morphometry study using the DARTEL approach. Eur J Radiol. 2014;83(1):e43–8.
Ittermann T, Wittfeld K, Nauck M, Bulow R, Hosten N, Volzke H, et al. High thyrotropin is Associated with reduced hippocampal volume in a Population-Based study from Germany. Thyroid. 2018;28(11):1434–42.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kabani N, Le Goualher G, MacDonald D, Evans AC. Measurement of cortical thickness using an automated 3-D algorithm: a validation study. NeuroImage. 2001;13(2):375–80.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Clairman H, Skocic J, Lischinsky JE, Rovet J. Do children with congenital hypothyroidism exhibit abnormal cortical morphology? Pediatr Res. 2015;78(3):286–97.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Leonard CM, Martinez P, Weintraub BD, Hauser P. Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral anomalies in subjects with resistance to thyroid hormone. Am J Med Genet. 1995;60(3):238–43.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Gunbey HP, Has AC, Aslan K, Saglam D, Avci U, Sayit AT, et al. Microstructural white matter abnormalities in hypothyroidism evaluation with diffusion tensor imaging tract-based spatial statistical analysis. Radiol Med. 2021;126(2):283–90.
Heldmann M, Chatterjee K, Moran C, Rogge B, Steinhardt J, Wagner-Altendorf T et al. Reduced pituitary size in subjects with mutations in the THRB gene and thyroid hormone resistance. Endocr Connect. 2022;11(1).
Kessler RC, Adler L, Ames M, Demler O, Faraone S, Hiripi E, et al. The World Health Organization adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychol Med. 2005;35(2):245–56.
Jenkinson M, Beckmann CF, Behrens TE, Woolrich MW, Smith SM. Fsl Neuroimage. 2012;62(2):782–90.
Zhang S, Arfanakis K. Evaluation of standardized and study-specific diffusion tensor imaging templates of the adult human brain: template characteristics, spatial normalization accuracy, and detection of small inter-group FA differences. NeuroImage. 2018;172:40–50.
Dahnke R, Yotter RA, Gaser C. Cortical thickness and central surface estimation. NeuroImage. 2013;65:336–48.
Desikan RS, Segonne F, Fischl B, Quinn BT, Dickerson BC, Blacker D, et al. An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest. NeuroImage. 2006;31(3):968–80.
Rorden C, Brett M. Stereotaxic display of brain lesions. Behav Neurol. 2000;12(4):191–200.
Marie D, Jobard G, Crivello F, Perchey G, Petit L, Mellet E, et al. Descriptive anatomy of Heschl’s gyri in 430 healthy volunteers, including 198 left-handers. Brain Struct Funct. 2015;220(2):729–43.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Takahashi T, Sasabayashi D, Takayanagi Y, Higuchi Y, Mizukami Y, Nishiyama S, et al. Heschl’s Gyrus Duplication Pattern in individuals at risk of developing psychosis and patients with Schizophrenia. Front Behav Neurosci. 2021;15:647069.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Welniarz Q, Dusart I, Roze E. The corticospinal tract: evolution, development, and human disorders. Dev Neurobiol. 2017;77(7):810–29.
Han JS, Seo HS, Lee YH, Lee H, Suh SI, Jeong EK, et al. Fractional anisotropy and diffusivity changes in thyroid-associated orbitopathy. Neuroradiology. 2016;58(12):1189–96.
Krieger TG, Moran CM, Frangini A, Visser WE, Schoenmakers E, Muntoni F, et al. Mutations in thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 cause premature neurogenesis and progenitor cell depletion in human cortical development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019;116(45):22754–63.
Comments (0)