Objective: To analyze the efficacy and safety of immediate latissimus dorsi breast reconstruction (BR) after breast cancer surgery.

Methods: 91 female patients with breast cancer diagnosed and treated by breast surgery in our hospital from August 2017 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into prosthetic implant group (n=39) and latissimus dorsi group (n=52) according to the method of immediate postoperative BR. By comparing the operation time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage time and aesthetic evaluation of BR, the difference of curative effect can be analyzed. The safety of postoperative BR was analyzed by comparing the postoperative complications, local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate of breast cancer and rehabilitation rate.

Results: There was no dramatic difference in intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage time and rehabilitation rate between latissimus dorsi group and prosthetic implantation group (P>0.05). There was dramatic difference in operation time, aesthetic evaluation of BR, postoperative complications, local recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate of breast cancer (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Immediate latissimus dorsi BR has a dramatic effect in postoperative breast repair of breast cancer patients, and is safer than prosthesis implantation.As an evaluation of its safety and effectiveness, it is necessary to provide patients with more stable and reliable medical outcomes to ensuretheir surgical safety.