1Department of Nursing, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom

2School of Nursing, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine

3Ascension Medical Group Public Safety Medical

4School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland

Correspondence: Melanie Rogers, RN, MSc, ANP, PhD; E-mail: [email protected]

Competing interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

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Authors' contributions: TEAM: study design, data collection, data analysis, study supervision, manuscript writing, critical revisions for important intellectual content.