Adegbola RA, DeAntonio R, Hill PC, et al. Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and other respiratory bacterial pathogens in low and lower-middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103293.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Global Pneumococcal Disease and Vaccination. January 27, 2022. https://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/global.html. Accessed 11 Mar 2023.
Simell B, Auranen K, Käyhty H, Goldblatt D, Dagan R, O’Brien KL. The fundamental link between pneumococcal carriage and disease. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012;11(7):841–55. https://doi.org/10.1586/erv.12.53.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Al-Lahham A, Khanfar N, Albataina N, et al. Urban and rural disparities in pneumococcal carriage and resistance in Jordanian children, 2015–2019. Vaccines. 2021;9(7):789. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070789. This study investigates urban and rural disparities in pneumococcal carriage and resistance in Jordanian children from 2015 to 2019.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pneumococcal Disease. In: Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases, E-book: the pink book. 14th ed. Public Health Foundation; 2021:255–74. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/.
Riedel S, Hobden JA, Miller S, et al. Section III bacteriology. In: Jawetz, Melnick & Adelberg’s medical microbiology. 28th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill Education; 2019;164:215–28.
• Al-Lahham A. Multicenter study of pneumococcal carriage in children 2 to 4 years of age in the winter seasons of 2017–2019 in Irbid and Madaba governorates of Jordan. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(8 August):1–14. The study explores serotypes and antimicrobial resistance patterns in two Jordanian regions during 2017–2019.
Sutcliffe CG, Shet A, Varghese R, et al. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes among children in India prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):605. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4254-2.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hadjipanayis A, Efstathiou E, Alexandrou M, et al. Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage among healthy children in Cyprus post widespread simultaneous implementation of PCV10 and PCV13 vaccines. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(10):1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163269.
Gordon SB, Kanyanda S, Walsh AL, et al. Poor potential coverage for 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Malawi Emerg Infect Dis. 2003;9(6):747–9. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0906.030020.
Hill PC, Yin BC, Akisanya A, et al. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Gambian infants: a longitudinal study. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46(6):807–14. https://doi.org/10.1086/528688.
El-Nawawy AA, Hafez SF, Meheissen MA, Shahtout NMA, Mohammed EE. Nasopharyngeal carriage, capsular and molecular serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae among asymptomatic healthy children in Egypt. J Trop Pediatr. 2015;61(6):455–63. https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmv060.
Taha A, Ali K. Streptococcus pneumonia isolated from the nasal carriage and its antibiotic susceptibility profiles in children. Zanco J Med Sci. 2019;23(3):315–21. https://doi.org/10.15218/zjms.2019.039.
Al-Kayali R, Khyami-Horani H, van der Linden M, Al-Lahham A. Antibiotic resistance patterns and risk factors of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage among healthy Jordanian children. Eur Int J Sci Technol. 2016;5(1):55–76.
Al-Lahham A, Qayyas JA, van der Linden M. The impact of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in infants of Ajlun governorate in Jordan. Jordan J Biol Sci. 2018;11(2):155–62.
Al-Lahham A, Van der Linden M. Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, resistance and serotypes among Jordanian children from Wadi Al Seer District, Jordan. Int Arab J Antimicrob Agents. 2014;4(2):3–10. https://doi.org/10.3823/752.
• Al-Lahham A. Prevalence of pneumococcal carriage among Jordanian infants in the first 6 months of age, 2008–2016. Vaccines. 2021;9(11):2008–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9111283. The investigation provides valuable insights into the burden of pneumococcal carriage in this specific age group, contributing to our understanding of early-life pneumococcal colonization patterns in Jordan.
Regev-Yochay G, Abullaish I, Malley R, et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in the Gaza Strip Miyaji EN, ed. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(4):e35061. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035061.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Daana M, Rahav G, Hamdan A, et al. Measuring the effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage and antibiotic resistance: the Palestinian-Israeli Collaborative Research (PICR). Vaccine. 2015;33(8):1021–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.003.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Nasereddin A, Shtayeh I, Ramlawi A, Salman N, Salem I, Abdeen Z. Streptococcus pneumoniae from Palestinian nasopharyngeal carriers: serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance. de Lencastre H, ed. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(12):e82047. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082047.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Koliou MG, Andreou K, Lamnisos D, et al. Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of S. pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage in children from Cyprus: a country with relatively low coverage with the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. J Epidemiol Res. 2017;3(2):51. https://doi.org/10.5430/jer.v3n2p51.
• El-Kholy A, Badawy M, Gad M, Soliman M. Serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of nasopharyngeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from children less than 5 years old in Egypt. Infect Drug Resist. 2020;13:3669–77. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S250315. The study provides valuable data on the prevalent serotypes and their corresponding antimicrobial resistance patterns, aiding in the understanding of local pneumococcal epidemiology and informing appropriate treatment strategies.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Sanaei A, Abdinia B, Karimi A. Nasopharyngeal carrier rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children: serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance. Arch Iran Med. 2012;15(8):500–3.
Karami M, Hosseini SM, Hashemi SH, et al. Prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children 7 to 14 years in 2016: a survey before pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in Iran. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2019;15(9):2178–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1539601.
• Sayyahfar S, Esteghamati A, Fahimzad SA, Hajisadeghi-Isfahani S, Nazari-Alam A, Azimi L. Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in six-month-old infants: a cross-sectional study during 2017–18, Tehran, Iran. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis. 2021;10(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.5812/pedinfect.112705. The study provides insights into the prevalent serotypes in this specific population, contributing to the understanding of pneumococcal epidemiology in Tehran and potentially guiding vaccination strategies.
Özdemir H, Çiftçi E, Durmaz R, et al. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy Turkish children after the addition of PCV7 to the national vaccine schedule. Eur J Pediatr. 2014;173(3):313–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-013-2156-7.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Soysal A, Karabağ-Yılmaz E, Kepenekli E, et al. The impact of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program on the nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children in Turkey. Vaccine. 2016;34(33):3894–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.043.
Kanık Yüksek S, Tezer H, Gülhan B, et al. Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage in healthy Turkish children after 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine implementation in the national immunization program. J Infect Public Health. 2019;13(2):266–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2019.10.009.
• Ceyhan M, Karadag-Oncel E, Hascelik G, et al. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy children aged less than five years. Vaccine. 2021;39(15):2041–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.028. The study provides insights into the prevalence and carriage rates of pneumococcal strains in this population, contributing to our understanding of the epidemiology of pneumococcal colonization in young children.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Al-Shamahy HA, Jabbar AR, Al Nabhi B, ALBadry A, Al Robasi A. The prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage among healthy children in Yemen. EMIRATES Med J. 2008;26(1):25–9.
Wada FW, Tufa EG, Berheto TM, Solomon FB. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among school children in South Ethiopia: post-vaccination era. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1):306. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4330-0.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Negash AA, Asrat D, Abebe W, et al. Pneumococcal carriage, serotype distribution, and risk factors in children with community-acquired pneumonia, 5 years after introduction of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Ethiopia. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019;6(6):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz259.
Abateneh DD, Shano AK, Dedo TW. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and associated factors among children in Southwest Ethiopia. Open Microbiol J. 2020;14(1):171–8. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285802014010171.
Nisar MI, Nayani K, Akhund T, et al. Correction to: Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children under 5 years of age before introduction of pneumococcal vaccine (PCV10) in urban and rural districts in Pakistan (BMC Infectious Diseases (2018) 18 (672). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-0. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-3733-9.
Al-Kayali R, Khyami-Horani H, van der Linden M, Al-Lahham A. Antibiotic resistance patterns and risk factors of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage among healthy Jordanian children. Eur Int J Sci Technol. 2016;5:55–76.
Vidanapathirana G, Angulmaduwa S, Munasinghe T, et al. Pneumococcal colonization among healthy and hospitalized vaccine-naive Sri Lankan children. Vaccine. 2020;38(46):7308–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.040.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Shormin M, Shamsuzzaman S, Afroz S, Rashed A. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy carrier children under five years old attended at outpatient department of largest teaching hospital in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J Infect Dis. 2022;8(1):12–7. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjid.v8i1.57950.
Salsabila K, Paramaiswari WT, Amalia H, et al. Nasopharyngeal carriage rate, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children under five years old in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2022;55(3):482–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2021.06.006.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hanieh S, Hamaluba M, Kelly DF, et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage prevalence in Nepal: evaluation of a method for delayed transport of samples from remote regions and implications for vaccine implementation. Beall B, ed. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(6):e98739. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098739.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Haifa Al-Muhtaresh A, Bindayna KM. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Kingdom of Bahrain. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2020;14(1):133–40. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.14.1.14. The study provides valuable data on the antimicrobial resistance patterns and serotype distribution of pneumococcal strains in Bahrain, aiding in the understanding of local epidemiology and informing appropriate treatment strategies.
Badawy M, El Kholy A, Sherif MM, et al. Serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Egyptian children: are they covered by pneumococcal conjugate vaccines? Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2017;36(12):2385–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-017-3071-z.
Comments (0)