Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders

Rocha N.P.a· Teixeira A.L.b· Colpo G.D.c· Babicz M.A.d· Thompson J.L.d· Woods S.P.d

Author affiliations

aMitchell Center for Alzheimer’s disease and Related Brain Disorders, Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
bNeuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
cDepartment of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
dDepartment of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Article / Publication Details

First-Page Preview

Received: May 04, 2022
Accepted: October 17, 2022
Published online: February 06, 2023

Number of Print Pages: 8
Number of Figures: 1
Number of Tables: 1

ISSN: 1420-8008 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-9824 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/DEM

Abstract

Introduction: Approximately half of the people living with HIV (PLWH) experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs). However, the neuropathogenesis of HAND is complex, and identifying reliable biomarkers has been challenging. Methods: This study included 132 participants aged 50 and older from greater San Diego County. The participants were divided into three groups: PLWH with HAND (n = 29), PLWH without HAND (n = 73), and seronegatives without cognitive impairment (n = 30). Peripheral blood was collected at the clinical assessment, and plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated Tau 181 (pTau181), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Plasma levels of NfL (but not pTau181 and GFAP) were significantly associated with HAND at a medium effect size (p = 0.039, Cohen’s d = 0.45 for HAND + vs. HAND−). Notably, higher levels of NfL were significantly associated with HAND diagnosis even after adjusting for sex. Discussion: Our data suggest that neuronal degeneration (as evidenced by increased levels of NfL), but not tau pathology or glial degeneration, is related to cognitive status in PLWH. Our results corroborate the view that blood NfL is a promising biomarker of cognitive impairment in PLWH.

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First-Page Preview

Received: May 04, 2022
Accepted: October 17, 2022
Published online: February 06, 2023

Number of Print Pages: 8
Number of Figures: 1
Number of Tables: 1

ISSN: 1420-8008 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-9824 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/DEM

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