Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, and Section of Nephrology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas (S.D.N.)

School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (S.Z.)

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, and Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.L.C.)

Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (J.C.N.C.)

Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (H.J.L.H.)

Houston, Texas (C.H.)

The Kidney & Transplant Practice, Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, Singapore (A.L.)

Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (E.D.M.)

Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, State of Osum, Nigeria (W.A.O.)

Seattle, Washington (T.S.)

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.)

Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Spokane, Washington (K.R.T.)

Division of Nephrology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.W.)

Nutrition and Fitness Services, Northwest Kidney Centers, Seattle, Washington (K.G.W.)

College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, and Cochrane Kidney and Transplant, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (J.C.C.)

Cochrane Kidney and Transplant and Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (D.J.T.)

Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (M.T.)

KDIGO, Brussels, Belgium (M.C., A.E.)

Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.R.)

Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (I.H.B.)

Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom (K.K.).

Acknowledgment: The authors thank the following people for their contribution to this important guideline effort: Melissa Thompson, Debbie Maizels, Patrizia Natale, Giovanni F.M. Strippoli, Tess E. Cooper, Narelle Willis, Michel Jadoul, Wolfgang Winkelmayer, Kathleen Conn, Tanya Green, and Coral Cyzewski.

Financial Support: This guideline is supported by KDIGO, and no funding is accepted for the development of specific guidelines.

Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M22-2904.

Corresponding Author: Kamlesh Khunti, MD, PhD, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester LE5 4PW, United Kingdom; e-mail, [email protected]ac.uk.

Author Contributions: Conception and design: M.L. Caramori, J.C. Craig, I.H. de Boer, A. Earley, K. Khunti, S.D. Navaneethan, P. Rossing, D.J. Tunnicliffe, K.R. Tuttle, C. Wanner, S. Zoungas, C. Hurst.

Analysis and interpretation of the data: M.L. Caramori, J.C.N. Chan, J.C. Craig, A. Earley, E.D. Michos, S.D. Navaneethan, W.A. Olowu, T. Sadusky, D.J. Tunnicliffe, C. Wanner, K.G. Wilkens, S. Zoungas.

Drafting of the article: A. Earley, K. Khunti, A. Liew, S.D. Navaneethan, W.A. Olowu, P. Rossing, T. Sadusky, K.R. Tuttle, S. Zoungas, C. Hurst.

Critical revision for important intellectual content: M.L. Caramori, J.C.N. Chan, J.C. Craig, I.H. de Boer, A. Earley, H.J.L. Heerspink, K. Khunti, E.D. Michos, S.D. Navaneethan, W.A. Olowu, P. Rossing, N. Tandon, M. Tonelli, D.J. Tunnicliffe, K.R. Tuttle, C. Wanner, K.G. Wilkens, S. Zoungas.

Final approval of the article: M.L. Caramori, J.C.N. Chan, M. Cheung, J.C. Craig, I.H. de Boer, A. Earley, H.J.L. Heerspink, C. Hurst, K. Khunti, A. Liew, E.D. Michos, S.D. Navaneethan, W.A. Olowu, P. Rossing, T. Sadusky, N. Tandon, M. Tonelli, D.J. Tunnicliffe, K.R. Tuttle, C. Wanner, K.G. Wilkens, S. Zoungas.

Statistical expertise: J.C. Craig, D.J. Tunnicliffe.

Administrative, technical, or logistic support: M. Cheung, J.C. Craig, A. Earley, M. Tonelli.

Collection and assembly of data: P. Rossing, T. Sadusky, D.J. Tunnicliffe.

This article was published at Annals.org on 10 January 2023.

* Drs. Navaneethan and Zoungas contributed equally to this work and should be considered co–first authors.