Structural Lesions on Kidney Biopsy in Youth-Onset and Adult-Onset Type 2 Diabetes

Acknowledgments. The authors acknowledge the work of Lois I. Jones, Enrique Diaz, Bernadine Waseta, Camille Waseta, Julie Paul, and Joey de Keizer.

Funding. Financial support for this work was provided by the American Diabetes Association (Clinical Science Award 1-08-CR-42) and by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). P.B. receives salary and research support from NIDDK (R01 DK129211, R21 DK129720, K23 DK116720, UC DK114886, and P30 DK116073), JDRF (2-SRA-2019-845-S-B and 3-SRA-2017-424-M-B), Boettcher Foundation, American Heart Association (20IPA35260142), Center for Women’s Health Research at University of Colorado, and Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, and Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes at University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Duality of Interest. P.B. has acted as a consultant for AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, and Horizon Pharma and serves on the advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, and XORTX Therapeutics. P.J.S. has acted as a consultant for AstraZeneca. M.M. reports having consultancy agreements with Amicus Therapeutics, Avrobio, Bayer, Boeheringer Ingelheim, Freeline Therapeutics, Sangamo Therapeutics, and Sanofi/Genzyme; receiving honoraria from Amicus Therapeutics, Freeline Therapeutics, and Sanofi/Genzyme; receiving research funding from Amicus Therapeutics and Sanofi/Genzyme; and serving on the North American Fabry Registry Board. B.N. reports having consultancy agreements with Amicus Therapeutics, Avrobio, 4D Molecular Therapeutics, Freeline Therapeutics, Sangamo Therapeutics, and Sanofi; serving as a scientific advisor for or member of Amicus Therapeutics, Freeline Therapeutics, and Sanofi; and receiving research funding and honoraria from Amicus Therapeutics and Sanofi. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

Author Contributions. H.C.L., R.G.N., and P.B. wrote the manuscript and researched data. H.C.L., L.P., T.V., C.S., and P.J.S. assisted in analyses, contributed to discussion, and reviewed/edited the manuscript. B.N. and M.M. were responsible for morphometric analyses, contributed to discussion, and reviewed/edited the manuscript. R.G.N. designed the study. H.C.L., R.G.N., and P.B. are the guarantors of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

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