1. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard | WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard with vaccination data . Accessed August 19, 2021. https://covid19.who.int/
Google Scholar2. Gupta, A, Madhavan, MV, Sehgal, K, et al. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. Nat Med. 2020;26:1017-1032. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0968-3
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline3. Frontera, JA, Valdes, E, Huang, J, et al. Prevalence and impact of hyponatremia in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 in New York City. Crit Care Med. 2020;48(12):e1211-e1217. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000004605
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline4. Ruiz-Sánchez, JG, Núñez-Gil, IJ, Cuesta, M, et al. Prognostic impact of hyponatremia and hypernatremia in COVID-19 pneumonia. A HOPE-COVID-19 (Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for COVID-19) registry analysis. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:599255. doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.599255
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline5. Hirsch, JS, Uppal, NN, Sharma, P, et al. Prevalence and outcomes of hyponatremia and hypernatremia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2021;36(6):1135-1138. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfab067
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline6. Tzoulis, P, Waung, JA, Bagkeris, E, et al. Dysnatremia is a predictor for morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106(6):1637-1648. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab107
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline7. Kopel, J, Perisetti, A, Gajendran, M, Boregowda, U, Goyal, H. Clinical insights into the gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19. Dig Dis Sci. 2020;65(7):1932-1939. doi:10.1007/s10620-020-06362-8
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline8. Gheorghe, G, Ilie, M, Bungau, S, Stoian, AMP, Bacalbasa, N, Diaconu, CC. Is there a relationship between covid-19 and hyponatremia? Medicina. 2021;57(1):55. doi:10.3390/medicina57010055
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline9. Rowe, JW, Shelton, RL, Helderman, JH, Vestal, RE, Robertson, GL. Influence of the emetic reflex on vasopressin release in man. Kidney Int. 1979;16(6):729-735. doi:10.1038/ki.1979.189
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline10. Fieldman, NR, Forsling, ML, Le Quesne, LP. The effect of vasopressin on solute and water excretion during and after surgical operations. Ann Surg. 1985;201(3):383-390. doi:10.1097/00000658-198503000-00022
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline11. Weismann, D, Schneider, A, Höybye, C. Clinical aspects of symptomatic hyponatremia. Endocr Connect. 2016;5(5):R35-R43. doi:10.1530/EC-16-0046
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline12. Arampatzis, S, Frauchiger, B, Fiedler, G-M, et al. Characteristics, symptoms, and outcome of severe dysnatremias present on hospital admission. Am J Med. 2012;125(11):1125.e1-1125.e7. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.04.041
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline13. Richardson, S, Hirsch, JS, Narasimhan, M, et al. Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area. JAMA. 2020;323:2052-2059. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.6775
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline14. Mc Causland, FR, Wright, J, Waikar, SS. Association of serum sodium with morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery. J Hosp Med. 2014;9(5):297-302. doi:10.1002/JHM.2168
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline15. Berardi, R, Caramanti, M, Castagnani, M, et al. Hyponatremia is a predictor of hospital length and cost of stay and outcome in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 2015;23(10):3095-3101. doi:10.1007/s00520-015-2683-z
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline16. COVID-19 treatment guidelines 2 . Accessed September 26, 2021. https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/
Google Scholar17. Lopez-Picazo, JJ, Vidal-Abarca, I, Beteta, D, López-Ibáñez, M, García-Vázquez, E. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospital: inpatient’s perceived quality in Spain. J Patient Exp. 2021;8:2374373521998625. doi:10.1177/2374373521998625
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals18. Fang, J, Liu, YT, Lee, EY, Yadav, K. Telehealth solutions for in-hospital communication with patients under isolation during COVID-19. West J Emerg Med. 2020;21(4):801-806. doi:10.5811/westjem.2020.5.48165
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline19. Lasater, KB, Aiken, LH, Sloane, DM, et al. Chronic hospital nurse understaffing meets COVID-19: an observational study. BMJ Qual Saf. 2021;30(8):639-647. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2020-011512
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline20. Belasen, AT, Oppenlander, J, Belasen, AR, Hertelendy, AJ. Provider–patient communication and hospital ratings: perceived gaps and forward thinking about the effects of COVID-19. Int J Qual Health Care. 2021;33(1):mzaa140. doi:10.1093/INTQHC/MZAA140
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline21. Drożdżal, S, Rosik, J, Lechowicz, K, et al. COVID-19: pain management in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection-molecular mechanisms, challenges, and perspectives. Brain Sci. 2020;10(7):1-10. doi:10.3390/brainsci10070465
Google Scholar | Crossref22. Zeh, RD, Santry, HP, Monsour, C, et al. Impact of visitor restriction rules on the postoperative experience of COVID-19 negative patients undergoing surgery. Surgery. 2020;168(5):770-776. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2020.08.010
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline