Ecotoxicology of Glyphosate, Its Formulants, and Environmental Degradation Products

a.e.

Acid equivalents; use to normalize the reporting of concentrations of glyphosate where different salts or formulations have been used in different studies

AMF

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

AMPA

Aminomethylphosphonic acid, a degradate of glyphosate

ANEOs

Alkylamine ethoxylates

ANVISA

Agência Nacional de Vigillância Sanitâria of Brazil

APVMA

Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority

ASE

Accelerated Solvent Extraction

C

Carbon

CAS

Chemical Abstracts Service

CLPP

Community-Level Physiological Profiling, a technique for characterizing function of mixed microbial communities

DGGE

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, a molecular technique for characterizing the composition, diversity, and function of microbial communities in the environment

DT50

Time for 50% of a substance in a matrix to dissipate and/or degrade

EFSA

European Food Safety Agency

EO

Ethoxylate groups as referring to ethoxylate-containing surfactants

Epilimnion

The upper layer of water in a temperature-stratified lake)

EPSPS

5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase

FAO

Food and Agriculture Agency of the United Nations

FAR

Field application rate, applied to crops for pest management

FMOC Cl

Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride, a reagent used to derivatize glyphosate during analysis

FSCJ

Food Safety Commission of Japan

GBH

Glyphosate-based herbicides (as used in weed management)

GLP

Good Laboratory Practice

GR

Glyphosate-resistant (crops)

JMPR

Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues

Kd

Soil-water partition coefficient

KOC

Soil-water partition coefficient, normalized for content of organic carbon

KOM

Soil-water partition coefficient, normalized for content of organic matter

LC50

Concentration that is lethal to 50% of the organisms exposed through the matrix

LD50

Dose that is lethal to 50% of the dosed organisms

LAI

Leaf area index, the one-sided area of green leaves per unit area of ground surface

LOD

Level of detection

LOQ

Level of quantification

LR50

Application rate lethal to 50% of the tested organisms

N

Nitrogen

NOEC

No observed effect concentration

NPDES

National Pollution Discharge Elimination System Permit

NT

No-tillage

PICT

Pollution-Induced Community Tolerance, a technique to characterize the induction of tolerance to pollutants in communities of organisms

PMRA

Pest Management Regulatory Agency of Canada

POEA

Polyoxyethylene amine, also Polyethoxylated tallow amine

POE-T

Polyoxyethylene (15) tallowamine, a formulant

QA/QC

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

SDS

Safety Data Sheet (AKA Material Safety Data Sheet)

USEPA

United States Environmental Protection Agency

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