1Vascular Medicine Outcomes Program at Yale University, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

2Yale University, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

3Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH

4Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA

5Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MI, USA

6Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MI, USA

7Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

8Division of Cardiology, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA

Carlos I Mena-Hurtado, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vascular Medicine Outcomes Program at Yale University, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. Email: [email protected]

Dr Andrew Klein served as Guest Editor for this manuscript.