Title:Characteristics and Risk Factors Associated with Stroke Subtypes among Adult Patients Admitted to the Stroke Unit of Jimma University Medical Center: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

VOLUME: 17 ISSUE: 1

Author(s):Bekalu G. Gebreegziabher*, Tesema E. Birhanu, Diriba D. Olana and Behailu T. Tesfaye

Affiliation:Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma

Keywords:Characteristics, risk factors, hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia.

Abstract:Background: Almost 80% of deaths due to non-communicable diseases occur in lowand middle-income countries. Stroke is a great public health problem in Ethiopia. Stroke mortality was estimated to be 14.7% in Ethiopia. Despite this, researches done in Ethiopia on factors associated with stroke sub-types were inadequate.

Objective: To assess the characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke subtypes among patients admitted to Jimma University Medical Center. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to May 2018 in the stroke unit of the Jimma University Medical Center. A total of 106 medical charts of patients diagnosed with stroke were reviewed. A checklist comprising relevant variables was used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was employed for data entry and analysis. Pearson chi-square test was used to check the association of different parameters with stroke subtypes. A P-value Results: From a total of 106 patients, 67 (63.2%) were men. The mean ± SD of age was 52.67±12.46 Year's, and the difference was not significant among stroke subtypes. Among all patients, 59 (55.6%) had ischemic strokes and 47 (44.4%) had hemorrhagic strokes. The most prevalent risk factors significantly associated with stroke subtypes were being male 67 (63.2%) followed by dyslipidemia 43 (40.5%) and cigarette smoking 38 (35.8%). Conclusion: The ischemic stroke was reported to be higher than hemorrhagic in this study. The overall mean (±SD) age of the patient was 52.67±(12.46) years. The mean age of hemorrhagic stroke patients was 55.98 (±13.77) years; while in ischemic stroke was 50.03 (±10.70) years. Being male, a history of cigarette smoking, and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with stroke subtypes.