Sritharan S, Sivalingam N. A comprehensive review on time-tested anticancer drug doxorubicin. Life Sci. 2021;278:119527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119527.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ajaykumar C. Overview on the Side Effects of Doxorubicin. In: Arnouk H, Hassan BAR, editors. Advances in Precision Medicine Oncology. IntechOpen; 2020. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94896

Vyas M, Simbo DA, Mursalin M, Mishra V, Bashary R, Khatik GL. Drug Delivery Approaches for Doxorubicin in the Management of Cancers. Curr Cancer Ther Rev. 2020;16:320–31. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394716666191216114950.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. As bases farmacológicas da terapêutica de Goodman & Gilman. 3. ed. Porto Alegre, Brazil: AMGH, 2019. ISBN 9788580556148.

Baertschi SW, Alsante KM, Reed RA. Pharmaceutical stress testing: predicting drug degradation. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2016.

Book  Google Scholar 

Rang R, Ritter JM, Flower RJ, Henderson G. Rang & dale farmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Elsevier Brazil; 2015.

World Health Organization. Quality assurance of pharmaceuticals: a compendium of guidelines and related materials. Good manufacturing practices and inspection. World Health Organization; 2007.

Berridge JC. Impurities in drug substances and drug products: new approaches to quantification and qualification. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1995;14:7–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/0731-7085(95)01573-6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pokar D, Rajput N, Sengupta P. Industrial approaches and consideration of clinical relevance in setting impurity level specification for drug substances and drug products. Int J Pharm. 2020;576:119018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.119018.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Argentine MD, Owens PK, Olsen BA. Strategies for the investigation and control of process-related impurities in drug substances. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007;59:12–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2006.10.005.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

ICH H. Impurities in new drug products. Q3B (R2), current step. International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, ICH, Geneva. 2006.

Kaushik D, Bansal G. Four new degradation products of doxorubicin: An application of forced degradation study and hyphenated chromatographic techniques. J Pharm Anal. 2015;5:285–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2015.05.003.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wada R, Hyon S-H, Ikada Y. Lactic Acid Oligomer Microspheres Containing Hydrophilic Drugs. J Pharm Sci. 1990;79:919–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600791016.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martin MM, Lindqvist L. The pH dependence of fluorescein fluorescence. J Lumin. 1975;10:381–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2313(75)90003-4.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Dhami S, de Mello AJ, Rumbles G, Bishop SM, Phillips D, Beeby A. Phthalocyanine fluorescence at high concentration: dimers or reabsorption effect? Photochem Photobiol. 1995;61:341–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb08619.x.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

BRASIL. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Resolução no 166, de 24 de julho de 2017. Dispõe sobre a validação de métodos analíticos e dá outras providências. https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/anvisa/2017/rdc0166_24_07_2017.pdf. Acessed 26 May 2025.

BRASIL. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada n° 53/2015. Estabelece parâmetros para a notificação, identificação e qualificação de produtos de degradação em medicamentos com substâncias ativas sintéticas e semissintéticas, classificados como novos, genéricos e similares, e dá outras providências. https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/anvisa/2015/rdc0053_04_12_2015.pdf. Acessed 26 May 2025.

Silverstein RM, Webster FX, Kiemle DJ. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds. 7th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. 2005.

Cielecka-Piontek J, Jelińska A, Zając M, Sobczak M, Bartold A, Oszczapowicz I. A comparison of the stability of doxorubicin and daunorubicin in solid state. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2009;50:576–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2008.12.029.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Anand R, Ottani S, Manoli F, Manet I, Monti S. A close-up on doxorubicin binding to γ-cyclodextrin: an elucidating spectroscopic, photophysical and conformational study. RSC Adv. 2012;2:2346–57. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2RA01221A.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bandak S, Ramu A, Barenholz Y, Gabizon A. Reduced UV-induced degradation of doxorubicin encapsulated in polyethyleneglycol-coated liposomes. Pharm Res. 1999;16:841–6. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018869818282.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Barenholz Y, Amselem S, Goren D, Cohen R, Gelvan D, Samuni A, et al. Stability of liposomal doxorubicin formulations: problems and prospects. Med Res Rev. 1993;13:449–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.2610130404.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lakowicz JR. Principles of fluorescence spectroscopy. 3rd edn. New York. 2006

Snyder LR, Kirkland JJ, Dolan JW. Introduction to modern liquid chromatography. 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, United States 2011.

Blessy M, Patel RD, Prajapati PN, Agrawal YK. Development of forced degradation and stability indicating studies of drugs-A review. J Pharm Anal. 2014;4:159–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2013.09.003.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Maheshwari R, Todke P, Soni N, Raval N, Deb PK, Amarji B, et al. Stability and degradation studies for drug and drug product. Dosage Form Design Considerations, Elsevier; 2018;i:225–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814423-7.00007-1

Zelesky T, Baertschi SW, Foti C, Allain LR, Hostyn S, Franca JR, et al. Pharmaceutical forced degradation (stress testing) endpoints: A scientific rationale and industry perspective. J Pharm Sci. 2023;112:2948–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2023.09.003.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Singh S, Bakshi M. Stress test to determine inherent stability of drugs. Pharm Technol. 2000;4:1–14.

Google Scholar 

Pavia DL, Lampman GM, Kriz GS. Guide for Students of Organic Chemistry. 3rd ed. London: Brooks/Cole, United Kingdom; 2001.

Google Scholar 

Barbour NP, Paborji M, Alexander TC, Coppola WP, Bogardus JB. Stabilization of Chimeric BR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate. Pharm Res. 1995;12:215–22. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016274825322.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wassermann K, Bundgaard H. Kinetics of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of doxorubicin. Int J Pharm. 1983;14:73–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(83)90115-1.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wirth DD, Baertschi SW, Johnson RA, Maple SR, Miller MS, Hallenbeck DK, et al. Maillard reaction of lactose and fluoxetine hydrochloride, a secondary amine. J Pharm Sci. 1998;87:31–9. https://doi.org/10.1021/js9702067.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Xiang J, Liu F, Wang B, Chen L, Liu W, Tan S. A literature review on maillard reaction based on milk proteins and carbohydrates in food and pharmaceutical products: advantages, disadvantages, and avoidance strategies. Foods. 2021;10:1998. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10091998.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gabrič A, Hodnik Ž, Pajk S. Oxidation of drugs during drug product development: problems and solutions. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14:325. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020325.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kennon L. Use of models in determining chemical pharmaceutical stability. J Pharm Sci. 1964;53:815–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600530726.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

ICH. Q1B, Stability testing: photostability testing of new drug substances and products. International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, Geneva. 1996.

Bomgaars L, Gunawardena S, Kelley SE, Ramu A. The inactivation of doxorubicin by long ultraviolet light. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1997;40:506–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050694.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kleinman MH, Smith MD, Kurali E, Kleinpeter S, Jiang K, Zhang Y, et al. An evaluation of chemical photoreactivity and the relationship to phototoxicity. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2010;58:224–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.06.013.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Celiz MD, Tso J, Aga DS. Pharmaceutical metabolites in the environment: analytical challenges and ecological risks. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2009;28:2473–84. https://doi.org/10.1897/09-173.1.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ortúzar M, Esterhuizen M, Olicón-Hernández DR, González-López J, Aranda E. Pharmaceutical pollution in aquatic environments: a concise review of environmental impacts and bioremediation systems. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:869332. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.869332.

Article